Transcript WW I and WWII PowerPoint Presentation

Chapter 5
WW I & WW II
Notes
WWI (1914 – 1918):
I. Causes of WWI
A. Militarism – a nation’s
policy to maintain strong
armed forces.
1.
2.
Great Britain and Germany race to
have the largest navy
France, Russia, and Germany
compete to build an army
B. Imperialism – a nation’s
attempt to gain control of weaker
nations.
1.
2.
Europe divided Africa into colonies
for raw materials and trade goods
Europe forces China to grant them
trading rights
C. Nationalism – extreme pride in
one’s country.
 1.
European nations want to regain
lost territories and add land
D. Alliances – the formation of
military agreements among
nations
1. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and
Italy formed the Triple Alliance in
1882.
 Become the Central Powers
2.
Great Britain, France, Russia
formed the Triple Entente in 1907.
 Become the Allies Powers
II. New Weapons
A. Machine Gun – 90% killed were
shot
B. Poison Gas – Germany 1st to use
in 1915
C. Airplanes – more for observation
D. Tanks – troops now able to leave
the trenches
E. Long Range Cannons –lots of
destruction
III. Results of WWI
A. Treaty of Versailles
1.
2.
3.
Forced Germany to accept sole
responsibility for war
Germany had to pay high war
debts and lost all colonies
Germany very bitter after WWI
B. League of Nations
1.
Established to keep peace and
prevent future wars
C. Many nations hurt
financially, lots of war
debts
1.
2.
Increased supply of paper money
This leads to inflation and high
prices of goods
D. Many angry over
boundaries lines
drawn after war,
causes tensions
everywhere
WWI Pictures
Trench Warfare
Tank
Trench Warfare
Trench
Warfare
Machine Gun
Machine Gun
Flame Thrower
Long Range Canon
Tank
Machine Gun
Big Bertha
Airplane
Howitzer
Howitzer
Tank
Tank
Trench
Warfare
Bombs for
Zeppelin
Gas Mask
Zeppelin
WWII (1939 – 1945):
I. Problems left over from WWI:
A.
B.
Germany was bitter over its
treatment following WWI
Worldwide economic depression
added to poverty of many nations
 The Allies = good guys
 The Axis = bad guys
II. The Rise of Dictators:
Powerful leaders gained control of
Italy (Mussolini), Germany (Hitler),
and Japan (Tojo)
B. Joseph Stalin became Communist
dictator of Soviet Union
– 1. It was his secret agreement
with Hitler to divide Poland
– 2. This helped start WWII
A.
III. Other Important Leaders
A.
B.
C.
D.
Winston Churchill – Great Britain
Charles de Gaulle – France
Franklin Roosevelt – USA
Harry Truman – USA
IV. Results of WWII
A.
B.
C.
The United Nations was
established
The USA and Soviet Union emerge
as superpowers of the world
Germany, Italy, and Japan are
stripped of all lands they seized
before and during the war.
Great Britain, France, USA, and Soviet
Union all keep military in different
parts of Germany
E. Soviet Union dominates other East
European countries
F. USA military in Japan until 1952
G. The atomic bomb used against Japan
1945 marked the beginning of the
nuclear age.
* December 7, 1941 = Pearl Harbor &
USA start in WWII
D.
WWII Pictures
Churchill
De Gualle
Roosevelt
Tojo
Mussolini
Hitler
USS California
Sinking ~ see
people in water
Photograph from a Japanese
aircraft of Pearl Harbor
including Battleship Row at the
beginning of the attack. The
explosion in the center is a
torpedo strike on the USS
West Virginia
“Fat Boy”
DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE ATOMIC BOMB
EXPLOSION
Leveled Area...................6.7 million square meters
Casualties
Killed------73,884
Injured-----74,909
Total------148,793
(Large numbers of people died in the following
years from the effects of radioactive poisoning.)
Nagasaki
Japanese - American internment camps