Transcript Cells - Moore Public Schools

Defining Life
 Homeostasis: Regulation of the internal environment to maintain a
constant state; for example, sweating to reduce temperature.
 Organization: Being composed of one or more cells, which are the
basic units of life.
 Metabolism: Consumption of energy
 Growth: A growing organism increases in size in all of its parts,
rather than simply accumulating matter.
 Adaptation: The ability to change over a period of time in response
to the environment
 Reproduction: The ability to produce new organisms.
What are cells?
Organism
 An organism is made
of organ systems.
 Organ systems are
made up of organs
 Organs are made up of
tissues
 Tissues are made up
of CELLS!
Brainpop: Cells & Cell Structures
Organ System
Organ
Tissue
Cells!!!!
The Cell Theory
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of structure
and function in living things.
3. Living cells come only from other
living cells.
What technology was created
that allowed cells to be
discovered?
• Hint: you could not
SEE a cell without
this piece of
equipment.
• MICROSCOPE
Cells
 Cells are made up of organelles.
 Organelles are like tiny organs.
 Each organelle has a job to do (or a
specific function) just like our organs.
 The organelles work together to keep
the cell alive and healthy.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
• A continuous,
almost invisible
structure
surrounding the cell
• Supports & protects
the cell
• Controls movement
of materials in and
out of the cell
Cytoplasm
• The cell’s environment or
inner space. Mostly made of
water and contains
organelles
• The jellylike material
outside the cell nucleus.
Nucleus
• The cell’s computer, brain,
or manager. Uses DNA to
control the cell’s activity
• Contains all the information
the cell needs to do specific
jobs, grow, and divide
• Information is stored in
DNA molecules
• Contains the nucleolus which
makes ribosomes
• Determines what proteins
will be made
Nuclear Membrane
• Protects and guards the
nucleus. Allows materials
to pass in and out.
• Keeps the DNA inside the
nucleus
• Allows other materials to
pass in and out of the
nucleus
Ribosomes
Protein
• Produces protein which
is the Product of the
cell
• Cells need protein to
survive and grow
Protein
Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.)
• Transportation system of
the cell. Carries
material through the
cell.
• Rough ER has ribosomes
attached to it so the
proteins they make can be
released directly into the
ER for transport
• Smooth ER collects things
and contains them
Packs
Golgi Bodies
• Packs and carries
proteins in little
bubbles that separate
and float into the
cytoplasm.
• Prepares the proteins
for use or delivery
outside the cell
Mitochondria
• Powerhouse of the
cell. Supplies energy
that the cell needs.
• Breaks down sugar
molecules into energy
• Need oxygen to make
energy and give off
carbon dioxide as
waste
Lysosomes
• Cell’s recycler. Breaks
down large food and
digests old cell parts.
• Contains enzymes which
break down the proteins
Vacuoles
• Storage bubbles found
in cells.
• Much larger in plant cells.
Store food or nutrients a
cell might need to
survive.
• Store waste products so
the rest of the cell is
protected from
contamination.
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
ANIMAL & PLANT CELLS
Cell Wall
• Plant cells only
• Gives plants their
shape, structure,
support, and protection
• Surrounds the cell
membrane
• Allows H2O, O2, and CO2,
to pass in and out of the
cell
Chloroplasts
• Plant cells only
• Uses energy from the sun to
make food for the plant
through photosynthesis
• Where photosynthesis takes
place
• Power generator for the plant
• Give plants their green color
Can you remember the
function of each?
Protein
Cut out the symbols and glue them
next to the correct cell part.
Organelles
Cell Functions
Cell Wall
Surrounds and protects the plant
cell
Cell Membrane
Lets things in and out of the
animal cell
Chloroplasts
Site of photosynthesis
Cytoplasm
The cell’s environment
Mitochondria
Provides energy
Nucleus
Controls the cell
Cell’s recycler
Lysosome
Ribosome
Produces protein
Vacuole
Stores waste
Golgi Body
Packs and carries items
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Nuclear
Membrane
Cell’s transportation system
Protects the nucleus
Plant
Animal
Picture
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How does it operate?
Who protects the city?
Who runs the city?
How does the city manage its trash?
How does the city get food?
How does the city get its power?
How do you know when you are in the city
limits?
• What cell parts do you remember from
Friday?
• Do the parts of the cell compare to any
parts of a city?
• How many can you relate to the parts of a
city?
– Cell Nucleus?
– Mitochondria??
• Each part of the cell has its own function or
purpose.
• The parts of the cell can be compared to the
parts of a city based on their similar purpose.
• An analogy is a similarity between like
features of two things, on which a
comparison may be based.
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
The road represents the endoplasmic
reticulum because they are both
transportation systems
Cell Part
A. Cell
B. Cell Membrane
C. Cytoplasm
is like
City Analogy
Purpose
City
Area with fixed boundary
City Limits
because
Surrounds & border
Environment
Inner space
City Hall
Controls the activities
Police Force
Protects
Farm or Factory
Makes products
G. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Roads or Highways
Transportation system
H. Golgi Bodies
Post Office or UPS
Packs & carries
I. Mitochondria
Power Plant or solar panels
or windmills
Provides power
Recycling Plant or
Waste Management
Recycle & waste disposal
Storage Facility – boxes,
crates, and plastic bags
Stores food and waste
L. Chloroplast
Green grass within the city
Where photosynthesis
takes place
M. Cell Wall
Brick wall surrounding city
Gives shape, structure,
support, and protection
D. Nucleus
E. Nuclear Membrane
F. Ribosomes
J. Lysosomes
K. Vacuole
• You are going to create your own real
or imaginary city.
• Each part of your city will
correspond to a part of the cell.
• Look at your worksheet from
yesterday.
• You must include all the parts needed
for your cell
• 13 parts for plant cell
1. Sketch your city in pencil on large computer paper.
2. Label and circle each part of the city
a) A-M for plant cell
3. Create a legend in the corner of your city.
4. Color your city completely and neatly
A
B
C
A
I
C
D
G
B
H
J
E
F
Legend
A: Far Far Away
B: Brick Wall
C: Environment
D: Shrek’s Castle
E: Puss-n-boots Security Service
F: Gingerbread Man’s Cookie Factory
G: Roads
H: 3 Blind Mice Delivery Service
I: Dragon Power Service (DPS)
J: Donkey Recycling
• Your map/picture must be neat,
colorful, correctly labeled, and have a
legend or key.
• Use pencil first then color (no
markers).
• Be creative! Have fun with it.
• Past examples included
• underwater cities, prehistoric cities,
skate parks, amusement parks
• 12 parts for plant cell
1. Cell
8.Lysosome
2. Cell Wall
9.Ribosome
3. Cell Membrane 10.Vacuole
4. Cytoplasm
11.Golgi body
5. Chloroplast
6. Mitochondria
7. Nucleus
12.Endoplasmic reticulum
13.Nuclear
membrane