Transcript War in Africa and Europe

Bellwork
► Please
take out your notebooks, a pen or
pencil, and preferably a highlighter or
colored pen if you have one.
Marking the Text
► Before
you start, predict what you think Hitler
will be talking about.
► Number the paragraphs
► Circle key terms, names of people, places and
dates.
► Highlight or box any unfamiliar words.
► Underline the author’s claims, points, and
relevant information.
► At the end of your text, write your final
impression on the impact of this historical text.
Why does it matter?
Text Dependent Questions
►With
your partner, answer the following
questions on the back of your paper:
 1. What message is Hitler trying to share
with the German people?
 2. Explain how Germany and Great Britain
interact in this text.
 3. What is the problem according to Hitler?
 4. What are the three reasons Hitler
provides to support his claim? (See original
problem)
War in Africa and Europe
WWII
Main Idea
►The
Allies
defeated the
Axis powers in
Europe and
Africa.
Why It Matters Now
►During
World War II, the United
States assumed a leading role in
world affairs that continues
today.
Mobilizing for War
►US
officially
enters the war
in 1941 after
Japan attacked
Pearl Harbor
► US
had to build up
military
► Millions volunteers
and millions were
drafted under the
Selective Service
Act (or draft) which
says that all men
ages 18-38 had to
register for military
service
► 300,000
Mexican
Americans fought
► 1 million African
Americans fought
► 300,000 Women
fought
► This is critical to the
civil rights movement
of the 1960s. Fighting
for freedom abroad,
but don’t have it in
your own country.
Notes – Title: War in Africa and
Europe
►Mobilizing
for War
 US entered the war
 Millions volunteered
 Millions drafted (men 18-38)
 Women and minorities volunteered as
well
►300,000 Mexican Americans
►1 million African Americans
►300,000 women
Battles in Africa and Italy
►Allies
were planning a European
invasion to try to stop the
Germans, however, they weren’t
quite ready. First the Allies drove
German troops out of North Africa.
They did this so they could take
control of the Mediterranean and
have more access to Europe,
specifically, they would be able to
attack through Italy.
►British
had control over Egypt and
wanted to protect their access to the
Suez Canal
►British troops faced tough opposition
from Erwin Rommel, Germany’s General,
aka Desert Fox
►Battle at El Alamein (only 200 miles from
Suez Canal) British drove the Germans
out and were assisted by Dwight D.
Eisenhower, America’s General, and
eventually, the Allies took over Northern
Africa
Southern European Invasion
The Allies began by
invading Sicily
► After they forced the
Germans out of Sicily and
swept into Italy
► By this time, Italians had
turned on Mussolini and
imprisoned him
► Italy surrendered to the
Allies in 1943
►
Notes
►Allies
wanted to secure Northern Africa
before their European Invasion
 Able to secure the Mediterranean for
easier access
►American General Dwight D.
Eisenhower was able to drive the
Germans out of Northern Africa
►Allies invaded Sicily and then captured
Italy
The Allied Advance and D-Day
► In
June 1944,
the Allies
planned to
invade France
► June 6, 1944 –
5000 ships and
landing craft
carried 130,000
soldiers across
the English
Channel to a
region in
northern France
called Normany
►D-Day
was the largest seaborne
invasion in history
►More than 10,000 Allied troops
were killed, but were able to secure
the beaches by the end of the day
Allied Advance Into France
►By
the end of June 1944, more than
850,000 Allied troops had landed in
France
►In August, the Allies had liberated Paris
and continued to free the rest of
France
Battle of the Bulge
►German
troops attacked the Allies
stationed in Luxemburg and Belgium,
the Allies were able to defeat the
Germans (Germany’s last major
offensive)
►120,000 Germans were killed and
80,000 Americans were killed,
wounded or captured
Notes
►Allies
planned their European invasion
 June 6, 1944 5000 ships carried 130,000
soldiers to Normandy, France (DDay/Operation Overlord)
 Largest seaborne invasion in history
 10,000 Allied troops died but they were
able to secure the beaches by the end of
the day
 Allies continued to march into France to
liberate the country
Notes Continued
►Battle
of the Bulge – German troops
attacked the Allies in Belgium and
Luxemburg, Germans were defeated.
►Heavy Casualties
 120,000 German died
 80,000 Americans died, injured, or
captured
Victory in Europe
►Yalta
Conference – the “Big
Three” (Roosevelt, Churchill,
and Stalin) met to make plans
for the end of the war and the
future of Europe
►Met at Yalta, a resort in the
Soviet Union
► Agreed
that they would establish an
international peace keeping organization
after the war and discussed the type of
governments that would be set up in Europe
► Roosevelt died shortly after the Yalta
Conference and Harry S. Truman took over
as president
►The
Germans were in rough shape and
they were being defeated
►On April 30, 1945 Hitler committed
suicide in his bunker
►Days later, on April 2 the Soviet’s
captured Berlin and on April 7 German
leaders surrendered at General
Eisenhower’s headquarters in France
►May 8 was known as V-E Day, or
Victory in Europe Day
Notes
►Yalta
Conference – “Big Three” –
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met to
discuss the end of the war and the
future of Europe
►Roosevelt died in office and Truman
took over
►Hitler commit suicide on April 30, 1945
►Berlin captured on May 2, 1945,
surrendered on May 7 and V-E Day was
declared on May 8, 1945