Transcript Conflict
Conflict- Wars Irreconcilable contention between two or more parties… in other words, people don’t get along. World War I Militarism Alliances -Europe was a mess of nationalistic groups. The Balkans became known as the Powder Keg of Europe Imperialism The spark that started the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Nationalism Triple alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy Triple Entente: France, Britain and Russia WWI fighting Total war: all the nations’ resources went to war effort -Trench warfare -machine guns -artillery -gas -submarines Most of WWI was a stalemate in the trenches. US Involvement The United States refused to join the war, but instead made money by selling war materials to the British, French and Russians. However, the US does join the war for two main reasons: 1) Unrestricted German Submarine warfare (The Lusitania) 2) Zimmerman telegram urging Mexico to attack the SW United States President Wilson eventually looked at WWI as a way to create peace with his 14 Points: 1) Self-determination- nations can chose their own governments 2) League of Nations- diplomatic resolutions Treaty of Versailles The victors were angry with the war so they punished Germany: -accepts full responsibility -pay reparations for the war damages -give up Alsace-Lorraine and its military This treaty was very unfair and all but guaranteed another war. Russian Revolution One effect of World War I includes the Russian Revolution. The Russians were not industrialized and struggled to supply their troops and feed the people. Eventually Lenin was able to over throw the Czar and promised Land, Peace and Bread. Russia became the Soviet Union 8:22 TB World War II Fascist leaders like Hitler and Mussolini gained power in the 1930s. They were able to capitalize on the poor economic and political situations caused by the Treaty of Versailles. The immediate cause of WWII however was appeasement, or policy of giving into aggressor nations to avoid conflict Germany and Japan both became very imperialistic during this time Fascism: Any authoritarian government that is not communist World War II World War II began with Germany’s invasion of Poland. Germany followed a policy of Blitzkrieg, or lightening war. Germany quickly overtook and occupied France. There were two areas, the European Theater and Pacific Theater. Turning points 1) US stayed neutral until Pearl Harbor 2) Battle of Stalingrad- Soviets defeat Germans 3) D-Day invasion to regain France World War II ends -The European theater ends after Hitler’s suicide and the Battle of the Bulge -The extent of the Holocaust is discovered and Nazis are tried at the Nuremburg trials -Japan surrenders after two atomic bombs are dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki TB 3:47 Cold War Time period of hostility without armed conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States attempted Containment leading to several conflicts: Vietnam War- seen as a nationalistic effort by the Vietnamese and a democratic mission by the US. Korean War- Communist North Korea invaded South Korea and the US helps the South. China gets involved and the war ends at the 38th parallel Other conflicts: -Berlin Airlift -Berlin Wall -Cuban Missile Crisis Other Wars to know Opium wars- China vs Britain- British used Opium to get a favorable trade balance and make money, Britain wins the war and gains Hong Kong Boer War- Britain vs South Afrikaners- British and Boers fight for control of South Africa and its resources. The British win and institute Apartheid Napoleonic Wars- France vs European nations- Napoleon seized control over most of Europe and unsuccessfully attempted to invade Russia Tiananmen Square http://news.yahoo.com/interactive-tiananmen-in-1989-and-now-195352957.html