Transcript British Colonies in America

Cold War
Cold War
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containment of Communism
proxy wars
arms race
 space
exploration
 race to the Moon
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deterrence
 MAD
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detente
The Big Three Conferences
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Tehran
Yalta
Potsdam
American nuclear program
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Manhattan Project
Hiroshima, Nagasaki –
August 1945
Occupation of Germany
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Four zones of occupation
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American Zone
British Zone
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French Zone
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Trizone
Soviet Zone
Emergence of two German
states
Berlin
1948 - Berlin blockade
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Bizone
Berlin airlift
1949 – East Germany (GDR),
Federal Republic of Germany
(FRG)
Iron Curtain
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1946 – Winston Churchill
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From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in
the Adriatic an "iron curtain" has
descended across the Continent.
Behind that line lie all the capitals of
the ancient states of Central and
Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin,
Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade,
Bucharest and Sofia; all these famous
cities and the populations around
them lie in what I must call the Soviet
sphere, and all are subject, in one
form or another, not only to Soviet
influence but to a very high and in
some cases increasing measure of
control from Moscow.
1947 – Red Scare begins
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Sen. Joseph McCarthy
McCarthyism
anti-communist witch-hunt
House Committee on UnAmerican Activities
Loyalty programs
Blacklists
1947 – Truman Doctrine
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Greek civil war (1946 – 49)
Communist
"Domino effect"
1954 – Domino Theory
policy of containment
1948 - Marshall Plan
NATO vs the Warsaw Pact
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1949 – NATO
1955 – Warsaw Pact
Soviet nuclear program
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1949 – first successful Soviet A-Bomb
1949 – Mao Zedong proclaims People's
Republic of China
MAD
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Mutual Assured Destruction
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American theory of deterrence
Probability of the enemy first strike limited due to
the second strike capability
Second strike capabilities reassured by the
nuclear arsenals build-up
MAD doctrine speeded up the arms race
American and Soviet nuclear potentials
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EXAMPLE: 14 Trident class Submarines (Ohio Class
Submarine)
24 Trident missiles each
8 warheads 475Kt each (fat man dropped on
Hiroshima - between 13 and 18 Kt). In comparison
– the largest nuclear weapon ever produced:
25MT B41 (500 of these were produced…)
(potentially 12 warheads, yet treaties reduce the
number to 8).
Korean War (1950 – 1952 (present))
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Japanese rule in Korea
During WW II – communist and nationalist
factions fight the Japanese in different regions
of the country and of the world
At the end of WW II Soviets occupy the north of
Korea
Potsdam conference (1945) – Korea divided
North Korea 
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South Korea
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cupported by China and the Soviet Union
supported by UN forces
No Gun Ri Massacre (26–29 July 1950)
Bodo League
38th parallel – DMZ
no peace treaty
Hungarian Revolution of 1956
1961 – Berlin Wall
Kennedy delivers Ich bin ein Berliner speech in Berlin, June 26, 1963
Cuba
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Fidel Castro
1958- 59 - Cuban
revolution
American plots to
assassinate Castro
1961 - Bay of Pigs
invasion
1962 - Cuban
Missile Crisis
1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis
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Soviet nuclear missiles
and installations
discovered in Cuba by
American intelligence
Blockade of Cuba
(quarantine)
deals with Khrushchev
John F. Kennedy Address on the Buildup of Arms
in Cuba
Quarantine begins 23. Oct 2963
Adlai Stevenson shows the intelligence photographs to the UN Security
Council , Oct. 25, 1962
Secret deals with Khrushchev
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missiles removed from
Cuba in exchange of
the American promise
nto to ever invade
Cuba
American missiles
secretely removed from
Turkey within 6 months
hotline agreement
JFK Assassination, Nov. 22, 1963
Vietnam War
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Ho Chi Minh
Japanese occupation of Vietnam in WW II
Vietminh
1945 – Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1946 - The Indochina War
Treaty of Geneva
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Vietnam divided
North – communist
South – prime minister Van Diem
1960 - Vietcong
1964 – Gulf of Tonkin incident
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
1968 – full fledged escalation
photo by Malcolm Browne, Wide World Photos, Inc.
Thich Quang Duc commits self-immolation in Saigon on
June 11, 1963.
Photo taken by United States Army photographer Ronald L. Haeberle on
March 16, 1968 in the aftermath of the My Lai massacre
Nguyen Ngoc Loan executes a Viet Minh officer February 1, 1968. This
Associated Press photograph won a 1969 Pulitzer prize for the photographer
Eddie Adams.
June 8, 1972.Kim Phuc Phan Thi, center, running down a road near Trang Bang,
Vietnam, after a napalm bomb was dropped on the village of Trang Bang
suspected by US Army forces of being a Viet Cong stronghold. Photographer:
Huynh Cong Ut (also known as Nick Ut). The image won the Pulitzer Prize for
spot news.
1968 – Invasion of Czechoslovakia
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Prague Spring
Richard Nixon presidency
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China
Vietnam
Watergate
Ronald Reagan presidency
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Reaganomics
George Bush presidency
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end of the Cold War