Transcript Sci7-Ch2-Cells

DO NOW: Cell Factory Analogy
Cells
All cells have…
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1. Cell membrane
2. Hereditary material
3. Cytoplasm
4. Ribosomes
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Cytology
• Study of cells
Cell
smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.
The shape of a cell tells you about
function
the ____________
of the cell.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Use page 39 in your text books to
sketch a drawing and label each!
Prokaryotic
• No membranebound organelles
• No defined nucleus
(nucleoid)
• Single-celled
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic
• Membrane-bound organelles
• Cell wall- plants ONLY!
Plant
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Animal
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
Cell Wall
• found in plant cells &
bacteria
• Supports & protects
cells
• Made of a
starch/carbohydrate
called cellulose
Cell Membrane
• Maintains homeostasis
• Selectively permeable
• Made of proteins, carbs,
and lipids
Fluid Mosaic Model
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Gel-like mixture
Surrounded by cell membrane
Holds the organelles
Contains the cytoskeleton
– Which gives the cell shape
Cytoplasm
• Directs ALL cell activities
• Contains hereditary material
• Separated from cytoplasm by
nuclear membrane
• Nucleolus makes RNA
Nucleus
Chloroplast
• Photosynthesis!
• Contains green chlorophyll
• Mostly found in plant cells
Mitochondria
• Energy (ATP)
• Does cellular respiration
• Internal membrane called
cristae
• Breaks down proteins, fats,
and carbohydrates to be
used as energy
Cristae
Ribosomes
• Each cell contains
thousands
• Make proteins
• Found floating in the
cytoplasm or attached to
the rough ER
• Made by the nucleolus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Moves materials around in cell
• Smooth: no ribosomes- makes lipids
• Rough: has ribosomes- makes proteins
Ribsomes help
make proteins
Golgi Bodies
• Material 'packaging plant'
• Packages substances in vesicles
Vacuole
• Used for storage, digestion,
and waste removal
• Help plants maintain shape
• Large vacuole in plant cells
• Small vacuole in animal cells
Lysosome
• Digests proteins, fats,
and carbohydrates
• Why is it important the
lysosome has a
membrane?
– Cell breaks down if
lysosome explodes
Centrioles
• Help with cell division
• Only found in animal cells
• Located near nucleus
Organization
• Work with a partner to fill in the last couple
of blanks on the back of your notes!!
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif