Transcript Goal 10
• Munich Pact – Britain and France gave Hitler the Sudetenland • Submit to Hitler’s demands to keep the peace appeasement • Munich Pact – Britain and France gave Hitler the Sudetenland • Submit to Hitler’s demands to keep the peace • 38th Parallel dividing line • Communist North crosses the 38th parallel to invade Democratic South • MacArthur pushed Communists North • China became involved and pushed US out of country Korean War • 38th Parallel dividing line • Communist North crosses the 38th parallel to invade Democratic South • MacArthur pushed Communists North • China became involved and pushed US out of country • • • • Beginning of WWII in Europe Isolationism Quarantine Speech Neutrality Acts FDR’s Policies • • • • Beginning of WWII in Europe Isolationism Quarantine Speech Neutrality Acts • Collective security organization • If one country is attacked, the others will come to its defense • USA • Britain • France • Canada • Italy NATO • Collective security organization • If one country is attacked, the others will come to its defense • USA • Britain • France • Canada • Italy • Collective security organization • If one country is attacked, the others will come to its defense • Soviet Union Warsaw Pact • Collective security organization • If one country is attacked, the others will come to its defense • Soviet Union • • • • • • Lightening war Hitler’s military strategy Poland Denmark Norway France Blitzkrieg • • • • • • Lightening war Hitler’s military strategy Poland Denmark Norway France • Economic Aid to Western Europe • Containment Policy Marshall Plan • Economic Aid to Western Europe • Containment Policy • Military assistance to countries threatened by communists • Containment Policy Truman Doctrine • Military assistance to countries threatened by communists • Containment Policy • Save American lives • Japan’s unconditional surrender • Show Stalin the power the US had at its disposal Decision to drop A- bomb • Save American lives • Japan’s unconditional surrender • Show Stalin the power the US had at its disposal • Keep Communism where it exists • Do not let Communism spread to new nations Containment • Keep Communism where it exists • Do not let Communism spread to new nations • Stalin closed roads leading to Democratic island in East Germany • Soviet Union Blockade of West • 15 months • US & western powers flew supplies in to maintain Democracy • Part of Containment policy Berlin Airlift • Stalin closed roads leading to Democratic island in East Germany • Soviet Union Blockade of West • 15 months • US & western powers flew supplies in to maintain Democracy • Part of Containment policy • Pacific Theater • A-Bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki • August 15, 1945 • End V-J Day • Pacific Theater • A-Bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki • August 15, 1945 • End • Appeasement • Britain and France Gave Hitler the Sudetenland • Keep peace to prevent war Munich Pact • Appeasement • Britain and France Gave Hitler the Sudetenland • Keep peace to prevent war • Marshall Plan • Truman Doctrine • Berlin Airlift Containment Examples • Marshall Plan • Truman Doctrine • Berlin Airlift • NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Warsaw Pact • SETO: Southeast Asia Treaty Organization Collective Security Examples • NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Warsaw Pact • SETO: Southeast Asia Treaty Organization • Germany • Third Reich • Nazi Party Hitler • Germany • Third Reich • Nazi Party • • • • Militarism Totalitarian dictators One political party State more important than individual Fascism • • • • Militarism Totalitarian dictators One political party State more important than individual • Separated democratic west from communist east • No political or economic exchange • Churchill named Iron Curtain • Separated democratic west from communist east • No political or economic exchange • Churchill named • Leader of the Manhattan project • Said, “Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.” • A-bomb and destructive power Robert Oppenheimer • Leader of the Manhattan project • Said, “Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.” • A-bomb and destructive power • Secret project • Develop the A-bomb Manhattan Project • Secret project • Develop the A-bomb • • • • • • • Final Solution Auschwitz Genocide Jews Extermination Gypsies Homosexuals Holocaust • • • • • • • Final Solution Auschwitz Genocide Jews Extermination Gypsies Homosexuals • Outlawed war • Weak agreement • Could not enforce dictates Kellogg-Briand Pact • Outlawed war • Weak agreement • Could not enforce dictates • Causes: – Embargo on Japan – Japanese Imperialism – US Navy blocked expansion in Pacific • • • • December 7, 1941 “day that will live in infamy.” FDR US became involved in WWII Declared war on Japan Pearl Harbor • Causes: – Embargo on Japan – Japanese Imperialism – US Navy blocked expansion in Pacific • • • • December 7, 1941 “day that will live in infamy.” FDR US became involved in WWII Declared war on Japan • • • • MacArthur “I shall return” Japanese Attack Bataan Death March Philippines • • • • MacArthur “I shall return” Japanese Attack Bataan Death March • • • • • US strategy in Pacific Clear out Japs Iwo Jima Guadalcanal Okinawa Island Hopping • • • • • US strategy in Pacific Clear out Japs Iwo Jima Guadalcanal Okinawa • Supreme Court decision • Internment Constitutional if military emergency • Japanese Korematsu v. US • Supreme Court decision • Internment Constitutional if military emergency • Japanese • • • • Low interest home loans to veterans Job priority Education Expanded the middle class GI Bill • • • • Low interest home loans to veterans Job priority Education Expanded the middle class • • • • • • US v. USSR Brinkmanship Nuclear War Naval blockade of Cuba USSR backed down and removed missiles US agreed to remove missiles from Turkey Cuban Missile Crisis • • • • • • US v. USSR Brinkmanship Nuclear War Naval blockade of Cuba USSR backed down and removed missiles US agreed to remove missiles from Turkey • Last German offensive • Named because line fanned out • General Patton rescued Allied troops Battle of the Bulge • Last German offensive • Named because line fanned out • General Patton rescued Allied troops • Soviet Union’s land • German expansion of land • Would give land for the Third Reich to last 1000 years Lebensraum • Soviet Union’s land • German expansion of land • Would give land for the Third Reich to last 1000 years • France captured by Hitler • Battle of Britain • German expansion threat to US democracy • Possibility of Britain falling to Germans FDR’s Reasons to go to war • France captured by Hitler • Battle of Britain • German expansion threat to US democracy • Possibility of Britain falling to Germans • • • • • • • • UN Authorize military action Five permanent members USSR Britain France China US Security Council • • • • • • • • UN Authorize military action Five permanent members USSR Britain France China US • US could not sell weapons to nations at war • US could not become involved in WWII Neutrality Act • US could not sell weapons to nations at war • US could not become involved in WWII • Germany • Italy • Japan Axis Powers • Germany • Italy • Japan • US • Britain • USSR Allies • US • Britain • USSR • Loan war materials to nations that were vital to maintain US democracy • “Give a hose to a neighbor” • Policy for loaning war materials to Britain Lend-Lease • Loan war materials to nations that were vital to maintain US democracy • “Give a hose to a neighbor” • Policy for loaning war materials to Britain • • • • • • • • Operation Overlord planned invasion The day of the invasion French beaches Landing of allied forces Normandy Omaha Utah Paratroopers dropped behind the lines D-Day • • • • • • • • Operation Overlord planned invasion The day of the invasion French beaches Landing of allied forces Normandy Omaha Utah Paratroopers dropped behind the lines • • • • • Pacific turning point Nimitz Sunk Japanese fleet Let US fight an offensive war in Pacific Japan went on the defensive Midway • • • • • Pacific turning point Nimitz Sunk Japanese fleet Let US fight an offensive war in Pacific Japan went on the defensive • • • • Mass produced homes Affordable GI’s could use V-A loan to buy suburbs Levittowns • • • • Mass produced homes Affordable GI’s could use V-A loan to buy suburbs • • • • • Hitler Exterminate Jews Genocide Poland Death Camps Final Solution • • • • • Hitler Exterminate Jews Genocide Poland Death Camps • Blitzkrieg Poland • Failure of Appeasement • Britain and France declare War WWII Beginning • Blitzkrieg Poland • Failure of Appeasement • Britain and France declare War • • • • Soviet Union Germany Promise to not attack one another Hitler signed without the intention of keeping his promise to not attack: he wanted lebensraum in USSR Non-Aggression Pact • • • • Soviet Union Germany Promise to not attack one another Hitler signed without the intention of keeping his promise to not attack: he wanted lebensraum in USSR • • • • US spy plane Shot down Gary Powers captured by soviets Eisenhower denied that US was spying on USSR U-2 Incident • • • • US spy plane Shot down Gary Powers captured by soviets Eisenhower denied that US was spying on USSR • Sustained bombing of London • German air raids • Royal Air Force fought Germans in the sky Battle of Britain • Sustained bombing of London • German air raids • Royal Air Force fought Germans in the sky • • • • Trials War crimes of Nazi leaders Holocaust Crimes against Humanity Nuremburg Trials • • • • Trials War crimes of Nazi leaders Holocaust Crimes against Humanity • Economic cooperation between US and Latin America • Containment policy • John F. Kennedy Alliance for Progress • Economic cooperation between US and Latin America • Containment policy • John F. Kennedy • Failed • Covert operation that started with Eisenhower and took place during Kennedy • CIA trained Cuban exiles • Overthrow Fidel Castro Bay of Pigs • Failed • Covert operation that started with Eisenhower and took place during Kennedy • CIA trained Cuban exiles • Overthrow Fidel Castro • Ended Cuban Missile Crisis • Limited nuclear testing • Installed hot line between Kremlin and White House Test-Ban treaty • Ended Cuban Missile Crisis • Limited nuclear testing • Installed hot line between Kremlin and White House • Symbol of communism • Separated democratic west from communist east • Stood for a quarter of century Berlin Wall • Symbol of communism • Separated democratic west from communist east • Stood for a quarter of century • Led communist revolution in China Mao Tse-tung • Led communist revolution in China • Turning point • European Theater • Soviet Union fought off 90,000 German troops • US did not send help • Created tension between the US & USSR Battle of Stalingrad • Turning point • European Theater • Soviet Union fought off 90,000 German troops • US did not send help • Created tension between the US & USSR • Strong woman during WWII • Worked in factory in traditional man’s job • Filled the gap left by men serving in war Rosie the Riveter • Strong woman during WWII • Worked in factory in traditional man’s job • Filled the gap left by men serving in war • • • • WAC: Women’s Army Corps Tuskegee Airmen Code Talkers 442nd Minorities in Service WWII • • • • WAC: Women’s Army Corps Tuskegee Airmen Code Talkers 442nd • • • • • Planned Pacific War Japan Unconditional Surrender Truman & Stalin Truman revealed A-Bomb Stalin wanted reparations – Truman told him to take them out of his occupation zone Potsdam Conference • • • • • Planned Pacific War Japan Unconditional Surrender Truman & Stalin Truman revealed A-Bomb Stalin wanted reparations – Truman told him to take them out of his occupation zone • Big Three – Stalin – Churchill – Roosevelt • Declaration of a liberated Europe – Free Elections in future • Created four occupation zones • Conference scheduled to create United Nations Yalta Conference • Big Three – Stalin – Churchill – Roosevelt • Declaration of a liberated Europe – Free Elections in future • Created four occupation zones • Conference scheduled to create United Nations • May 8, 1945 • Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945 • Germany unconditional surrender V-E Day • May 8, 1945 • Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945 • Germany unconditional surrender • • • • Pamphlets Newsreel Posters Magazines Propaganda • • • • Pamphlets Newsreel Posters Magazines • • • • • North Africa Rommel: German Commander Eisenhower: Commander of Allied Forces Patton: US Commander Invasion to create a launch pad for a mainland invasion through Italy Operation Torch • • • • • North Africa Rommel: German Commander Eisenhower: Commander of Allied Forces Patton: US Commander Invasion to create a launch pad for a mainland invasion through Italy • Freedom of speech and expression • Freedom of every person to worship God in his own way • Freedom from want • Freedom from fear Four Freedoms • Freedom of speech and expression • Freedom of every person to worship God in his own way • Freedom from want • Freedom from fear • • • • African Americans Moved North Escape discrimination Job opportunities in north Northern Migration • • • • African Americans Moved North Escape discrimination Job opportunities in north