Transcript World War II

World War II
1939-1945
Review
• Who were the dictators?
• What factors helped them
come to power?
• What did they do once in
power?
Road to War: Aggression and
Appeasement
Mizell, Year II, Humanities
EQ: How did Aggression
and Appeasement help
lead to WWII?
Background
• League of Nations was weak
– U.S. did not join
• Britain and France want to avoid war
• Depression – people look for new
leadership
– Rise of fascism and communism
• In Germany, Hitler and Nazis desire
lebensraum (living space for the German
people)
Aggression of the 1930s by
the dictators
• 1931 – Japan invades Manchuria
• 1935 – Mussolini takes over
Ethiopia
• 1935 – Hitler ignores Treaty of
Versailles and builds up German
military
• 1936 – Hitler occupies the
Rhineland (area between France and Germany)
• 1937 – Japan invades China
• 1938 – Hitler annexes Austria
• 1938 – Hitler wants the Sudetenland
(area of Czechoslokvia)
• Munich Conference – meeting
between great powers. Neville
Chamberlain of Great Britain agrees
to let Hitler have the Sudetenland to
avoid war. Hitler agrees not to
invade the rest of Czechoslakvia
• This is an example of appeasement
• 1939 – Hitler seizes the rest of
Czechoslovakia
• 1939 – Mussolini conquers
Albania
What does Appeasement prove
to the Dictators?
• They can continue to be aggressive
because the other countries want to
avoid war
• The countries of the U.S., France,
and Great Britain must be weak
• The League of Nations has no power
Fill in first five vocab boxes
• Totalitarianism – government control over
every aspect of private and public life
• Dictator – a leader with absolute power
and no restrictions
• Communism – economic system where
everything is owned by the public; no
private property
• Fascism – belief that promotes extreme
nationalism and militarism with a dictator
• Command Economy – economy where
the government makes all decisions
EQ: What were the
major events in the
early years of the war
and how did they impact
the war?
The Beginning of WWII: Invasion
of Poland
• Hitler unleashes the German Army on
Poland [Sept 1, 1939]
• Uses blitzkrieg (lightening war)
– Use fast moving planes and tanks which
were followed by mass infantry
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpYpbiIZDGw
• Great Britain and France declare war
on Germany
The Phony War
• Britain and France mobilize their
armies in France and wait for the
Germans
• While they wait, Hitler conquers
Denmark, Norway, Belgium, and
Holland in May 1940.
Invasion of France
• German Army cuts through heavy
Ardennes Forest and surprises the
French
• France surrenders in one month to
Germany
– Lets Southern France (Vichy France) be
an ally of Germany
Battle of Britain
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July – Oct 1940
Britain stands alone to face Hitler
Benefit – Britain is an island nation
Hitler’s Plan is to destroy British air
force so Germany can invade across the
English Channel
Hitler’s Mistake
• Luftwaffe vs RAF http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVBO61qg-kc
• Hitler makes 1st major mistake: In Sept,
he orders the Luftwaffe to target British
cities and not the airfields
• Also, British had radar so they could
spot German planes
• 1st German defeat of the war
Importance of the Battle of Britain
• Proved that Hitler and Germany were
not invincible
• Hitler loses large number of pilots and
planes
• Hitler now looks to the east – the
Soviet Union
• Britain will serve as a base for Allied
troops
Work on Vocab sheet
Depression
Nazism
Purge
Scapegoat
Inflation
Essential Question
• How and why did U.S.
involvement in WWII change?
America Remains Neutral at First
• Why?
– United States is still in the Depression
– Saw WWI as a mistake so want to stay out
of Europe
• What does the U.S. do to stay out?
– Pass the Neutrality Acts – banned U.S.
loans and sale of weapons to countries at
war
America Moves Closer to War
• 1.Places an embargo on Japan after they invade
China (not sell them resources/oil)
• 2. U.S. Congress passes the Lend-Lease Act
where the Allies could buy arms from the U.S.
but must use own ships
• 3. U.S. Navy protects allied cargo ships against
German U-boats
• 4. Japanese Expansion
– Expanding into the Pacific but the U.S. is there too
– Plan: Need a knock-out blow to keep U.S. out of the
war
Surprise Attack at Pearl Harbor
• Japanese attack U.S. naval
base/fleet at Pearl Harbor,
Hawaii on December 7, 1941
Dec 7, 1941
Aftermath
• 2,500 killed, several battleships sunk
• U.S. declares war on Japan and enters
WWII
Doolittle Raid
• U.S. launches bombers from carriers and
bombs Tokyo
• Shows Japan that the U.S. will not back
down
• Morale boost for Americans
"I fear all we have done is to
awaken a sleeping giant and fill
him with a terrible resolve.“
~Yamamoto
U.S. Mobilizes
• People are needed in the army and
factories – ends Depression
• FDR wants the U.S. to become an
“Arsenal for Democracy”
– By 1944, US production was double what all
the Axis Powers produced combined
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yy7
ZWlMAhFQ
Propaganda During WWII
EQ: What is propaganda and
how did countries use it to
support the war?
What is Propaganda?
• Material spread to support
a cause or damage an
opponent’s cause
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Propaganda Contains…
Slogans
Implied messages
Graphics (people, flags, symbols, etc…)
Targeted Audience and Purpose
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Women or men to work to support the war
Men to enlist in the army
Children who need to be protected
Resources (food, oil, rubber, money) to save for
the army
– Enemies – why we hate them/ fight them
– Why we are fighting (freedom)
“Rosie the Riveter”
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Slogan?
Describe the poster
Targeted audience?
What is the
purpose/implied
message?
• How can women
help the war effort?
• Emotions conveyed?
“Don’t Ride Alone”
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Slogan?
Describe the poster
Targeted audience?
What is the
purpose/implied
message?
• How can you help
the war effort?
• What emotions are
conveyed?
Group Activity (Participation Grade)
• I will place you in groups of 3-4
• Each group will receive one propaganda poster
of WWII
• You will have a few minutes as a group to
describe and analyze it
• You will present you description and analysis
to the class
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Slogans, poster description, targeted audience
What is the implied message/purpose?
How does it help the war effort?
Emotion(s) conveyed
Propaganda
Design own Propaganda Poster
• Create your own propaganda poster
• Your posters should include pictures, a
slogan/title, purpose/implied message,
symbols/graphics, targeted audience, and be
colored
• At the bottom of the paper, explain your
poster in 5-8 sentences
– What is its purpose/theme, who is the targeted
audience, how will it lend support to the war
effort, what emotions are conveyed by the
poster, and does your poster glamorize or vilify
the war? Explain
Here is where you write your description and
analysis of the poster.
Rubric
0-1 pts
2-3 pts
4-5pts
Picture
Picture is not
complete and not
colored. Does not
relate to WWII
Picture is
complete but not
colored. Relates
to WWII
Picture is complete
and fully colored.
Relates to WWII
Content:
Lacks an adequate
Description and description or
Analysis
analysis of the
poster.
Basic analysis and
description. Some
parts may be
missing. (see box
to the right)
5 or more sentences
with a thorough
description and
analysis of the picture.
Not missing any
components such as
implied message,
audience, significant
symbols, emotions
conveyed, etc…
Organization
5-6 sentences
7-8 sentences
Less than 5
sentences
Total: ___/15 points