Transcript decision support systems

OVERVIEW OF IS
BY
CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI
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DEFINITION OF IS
A set of interrelated components working together to collect,
processs, store and disseminate information to support decision
making, co-ordination, control, analysis and visualization.
A collection of computer systems to support information
processing in organizations.
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EVOLUTION/TYPES OF INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
1950’s
Transaction processing
Reporting systems
1970’s
Database management systems
Decision support
Office information systems
1990’s
Enterprise information systems
E-Commerce systems
Knowledge Management systems
1980’s
AI based systems
Executive information systems
Strategic information systems
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THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Transaction processing systems: process business transactions
Reporting systems: summarize transaction information
Database management systems: systems to manage information
Decision support systems: support analysis of data to aid in d.m.
Executive information systems: systems to support executive d.m.
Office information systems: provide support to office workers
AI & expert systems: use artificial intelligence to duplicate human
activity (in organizations).
Strategic systems:systems which support the strategy of the
organization and improve competitive advantage.
Enterprise information systems: systems which support all functional
areas, from marketing to production.
E-commerce systems: systems for browsing, ordering, payment etc.
KM Systems: support organizational knowledge.
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MAJOR TYPES OF IS
 Transaction
Processing Systems (TP Systems)
 Enterprise Systems (ERP/MRP)
 E-commerce systems
 Decision
Support Systems (DSS/MSS)
 Executive Support Systems (ESS/EIS)
 KM systems (not discussed)
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TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
KIND OF SYSTEM
GROUPS SERVED
STRATEGIC LEVEL
SENIOR
MANAGERS
MANAGEMENT LEVEL
MIDDLE
MANAGERS
KNOWLEDGE LEVEL
KNOWLEDGE &
DATA WORKERS
OPERATIONAL
LEVEL
SALES &
MARKETING
OPERATIONAL
MANAGERS
MANUFACTURING
FINANCE
ACCOUNTING
HUMAN
RESOURCES
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TP, ERP & OIS SYSTEMS
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TP SYSTEMS
Process business transactions
customers, suppliers, government
Volumes are large
Transactions are routine
Most common IS systems
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TYPICAL TP APPLICATIONS
Payroll
Order processing
Accounts payable
General ledger
Asset management
Invoicing
Parts ordering
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ERP SYSTEMS
Integrated systems for the organization
finance, accounting, HR etc.
Also known as MRP
Expensive and time consuming
E.g. SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards
E-commerce systems
Systems that support the buying and selling of
products.
Systems that allow business transactions to take
place using the Internet.
Often are used to support virtual storefronts.
Supports the gathering of demographic and
sales information.
OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Systems supporting office workers.
EXAMPLES:
 Business software e.g. MS Word, MS Project
 Workflow
 Imaging
Custom applications e.g. resume screening
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MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
SYSTEMS
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MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
SYSTEMS (MSS)
Management Support Systems

Reporting systems?

Decision support systems (DSS)

Executive support systems (ESS)

Group decision support systems (GDSS)
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DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
 Aimed at management
 Support for structured/semi-structured decisions
 e.g. Capacity planning, vehicle routing, portfolio etc.
 Model based
 Generally PC Based
 Customizable interfaces
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EXECUTIVE INFORMATION
SYSTEMS (EIS/ESS)
 A.K.A ESS, Executive support systems
 Systems for executives
 Summarized information on firm
Tend to be PC & workstation based
 Access to on-line databases
 “drill down,” status monitoring
 Some types provide capability for “soft models”
 Executive “dashboard”
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KM Systems
 Support the Dissemination of information throughout the organization.
 Used as a tool to support knowledge mapping.
 Are connected to a company’s existing information system.
 Enhance knowledge sharing and creation.
 Include people, processes, and technology.
 Current systems can utilize modern technologies such as blogs and wikis
to aid in the transfer of knowledge from one individual to another.
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THE END!