Transcript Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence
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History of AI
Important people in the early study of AI
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
Alan Turing
-Father of modern computer
science
-Concept of the algorithm
John McCarthy
-Professor of computer science at
Stanford university
-Coined the term Artificial
Intelligence in 1955
-His research area has been the
formalization of common sense
knowledge
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History of AI

Robotics
-Machines that usually mimic human motion to perform automated
tasks
-Robots can be given perception systems that allow observation and
reaction to their environment.
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History of AI
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Early Robots with AI
-1969: Shakey, a robot, combines
locomotion, perception and
problem solving
-1979:The first computer controlled
autonomous vehicle, the Stanford
cart, is built
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What Can You Do with robots ?
1997 – First official Rob-Cup soccer match
Picture from 2003
competition
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What is artificial intelligence?
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What is AI?
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-Defined as," The study of
intelligent behavior and the
attempt to find ways in which such
behavior could be engineered in
any type of artifact”.
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-Basically," Putting human
intelligence into a machine”.
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Types of artificial intelligence
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There are two general types
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Weak AI
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Strong AI
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Weak AI
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Weak AI refers to AI that only simulates human thoughts and actions
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Actions, decisions and ideas are programmed into it
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All the current forms of AI are weak AI.
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Strong AI
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Strong AI refers to AI that matches
or exceeds human intelligence
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Also called “True AI”, as they are
truly intelligent
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Example: The robots from the
movies transformers, matrix,
terminator, I-robot, etc.
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Transformers
These robots can convert
themselves into cars
I-Robot
This robot works like
humans
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Examples of Current artificial
intelligence
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AI in your everyday life
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Cars
-Self parking
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-Cruise control
-Speech recognition
Banks
-Monitoring for fraud
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Cell phone
-Voice recognition
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Internet
-Search engines
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Intelligent Homes
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Passive infrared sensors
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Temperature sensors
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Water heating control
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Central heating control
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Magnetic door and window
contacts
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Electricity and light sensors
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Current AI
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Military
-Unnamed combat air vehicles
(drone)
-Autonomous submarines
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Current AI
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Medicine
-Computer enabled overlays (used
during surgery)
-Learning retinal implant system
-Hearing aids
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Current AI
Intelligent games
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Computer chess
-Explore huge number of potential
future moves by both players but
has thought us little about human
like intelligence
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Half-Life
-First combat oriented game to
incorporate a significant amount of
artificial intelligence into its game
play
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The future of artificial intelligence
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Future of AI
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Gradual Change
-Despite the rapid advance of
technology, the advent of
strong AI will be a gradual
process
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Future of AI
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Jobs/Work
-Even now we have robots taking over jobs.
-Right now Japan uses about 320 robots of all sorts per 10,000
employees, while Germany uses 148 industrial robots per 10,000
employees, Italy 116, Sweden 99 and between 50 and 80 each in
United States.
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Future of AI
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The Chinese room
The Chinese room argument
makes the claim that, if a
machine acts intelligently then
it has a “mind”,
”understanding” and
“conscious experience”.
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Why Ai?
AI can have two purposes.
First is to use the power of computers to augment human
thinking. Robotics and expert systems are major
branches of that.
The other is to use a computer's artificial intelligence to
understand how humans think.
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Questions
1.
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2.
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3.
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4.
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5.
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Who invented the term artificial intelligence?
Alan Turing
John Mccarthy
Jeffrey Walczak
All forms of current artificial intelligence are _______ .
Weak
Strong
Good
_______ AI is another name for strong AI.
True AI
Future AI
Imaginary AI
______ was the first combat oriented game to incorporate a significant amount of
artificial intelligence into its game play.
Computer Chess
Far cry
Half-Life
The _______ argument makes the claim that, if a machine acts intelligently then it
has “mind”, “understanding” and “conscious experience’.
German room
France room
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