Transcript Organelles of the Cell

Organelles
of the Cell
Each organelle has a specialized
function in the cell
Plant vs. Animal Cells
• Plant and Animal cells are similar in many
ways, but have a few differences.
• The following organelles exist in both plant
and animal cells.
Cell
Membrane
• The Cell Membrane surrounds the cell.
• The membrane is semi-permeable,
which means it regulates what
substances enter and exit the cell.
• It is made up of proteins and lipids.
Nucleus
• The Nucleus is the control center of the
cell.
– It stores the cell’s genetic information (in
Chromosomes)
– It makes copies of the Chromosomes
– It usually exists in the center of the cell.
Nucleolus
• The Nucleolus is inside the Nucleus.
– This is the site where ribosomes are made
Cytoplasm
• The Cytoplasm fills the cells.
– It is a jelly-like substance that supports and
protects the organelles.
Mitochondria
• The Mitochondria is the “battery” of the
cell.
– It makes energy for the cell to use
– All of the parts of the cell need energy to do
work.
– Mitochondria have a lot of folds in their
membrane to provide lots of places for sugars
to be turned into useable energy for the cell.
Ribosome
• The Ribosome is the
production line of the cell.
– Gets a copy of the instructions
from the nucleus.
– Makes a protein from the
instructions.
– Cells contain many ribosomes.
– Ribosomes are small
organelles that exists all over
the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• The Endoplasmic Reticulum is
the Conveyor belt of the cell.
– It is the internal membrane system
for the cell
– The ribosomes can attach to the
ER to do their work.
- The ER moves proteins and other
substances throughout the cell.
Golgi Body
• The Golgi Body is the packager of the cell.
– Adds small things to the protein.
– Checks the protein to make sure it is correct.
– Packages proteins and releases cellular
secretions
The ER and Golgi work
together.
Lysosome
• The Lysosome is the Recycler of the cell.
– To “Lys” means to cut.
– Lysosomes use digestive enzymes to cut
proteins into their parts.
– The cell can then use these parts again.
Vacuole
• Stores food, water, and waste.
• Plant cells have one large vacuole
• Animal cells have many small vacuoles
Plant Cells
• The following Organelles exists only in
plant cells.
Chloroplast
• Contains a chemical called chlorophyll
• Performs photosynthesis (capturing
energy from the sun to make its own food)
Cell Wall
• Provides structure and support to cells
• Found in plants, fungi, and algae
Plant Vs. Animal
• Animal cells are generally circular.
• Plant cells are generally more square.
• Can you determine which is which?
Organelles of the cell
Venn Diagram
• Draw a Venn Diagram to compare plant
and animal cells.
• Each section must include at least 3
pieces of information.