Transcript 1101Lecture 28 powerpoint

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Nutrition 2106-Principles of Nutrition in
Metabolism-Winter 2017
Nutrition 2104-Introduction to Nutrition
Fall 2016
Nutrition 2107-Introduction to Sports NutritionWinter 2017
Lecture 28
17 March 2016
Major Minerals
Lists of sources, functions, deficiencies and
toxicities are not complete
Minerals in general
-inorganic elemental atoms or ions
-mineral in is mineral out
-micronutrients- required in milligram or
microgram amounts
Minerals in general
-animal foods are more reliable sources of
minerals than plants
-there in required proportions in animals
including us
-major minerals occur in our body in amounts of
> 5 grams
-minor minerals occur in our body in amounts of
< 5 grams
Major minerals
-electrolytes (Na, K, Cl)
-non-electrolytes (Ca, P, Mg, S)
Sodium
-functions-fluid and electrolyte balance, nerve and
muscle function
-sources-table salt and many processed foods
-deficiency-rare except with diarrhea and vomiting
-toxicity- rare as most is excreted from body
-increased blood pressure in
sodium sensitive persons
Potassium
-functions- fluid and electrolyte balance, nerve and
muscle function
-sources-fruits vegetables and legumes, grains,
meats
-deficiency-nerve and muscle functioning loss
-toxicity-muscular weakness, vomiting
Chloride
-functions-fluid and electrolyte balance, part of
stomach acid
-sources-same as sodium
-deficiency-rare- secondary to vomiting and
diarrhea
-toxicity- vomiting
- hypertension in chloride sensitive people
Calcium
-function- bone and teeth formation, nerve and
muscle function
-sources-milk and milk products, fortified orange
juice, green leafy veggies
-deficiency-impaired growth, osteoporosis
-toxicity- constipation, kidney stones, impaired iron
absorption
Phosphorous
-functions-bone and teeth formation, energy
metabolism, assist with enzyme function
-sources-all animal products, bread, ready to eat
cereal
-deficiency-rare-weakness and bone pain
-toxicity-low blood calcium
Magnesium
-functions-bone formation, nerve and muscle
function, carbohydrate metabolism
-sources-green leafy veggies, nuts, legumes, whole
grains, seafood
-deficiency-weakness, confusion, growth failure in
children
-toxicity-rare-nausea, vomiting and low blood
pressure
Sulphur
-functions-gives shape to proteins, part of biotin
and thiamine and insulin
-sources-all protein foods
-deficiency-unknown
-toxicity-in animals it impairs growth, nothing
reported in humans but do not overconsume
Mineral supplements
Generally if one follows Canada four food groups
and eats according to the principles of
adequacy, balance, variety nutrient density, calorie
control and moderation one will not need mineral
supplements