Transcript Cell Structures

Animal and Plant Cells
and organelles
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Nucleus
control center of the cell
Nuclear Membrane
the structure that surrounds the
nucleus and controls what goes
into or out of the nucleus
DNA and chromosomes
structures inside the nucleus
that store genetic information,
which is information passed on
from one generation to the next
Cell Membrane
controls what goes into and
out of a cell
Cytoplasm
a thick gel-like substance that
surrounds and supports the
organelles inside the cell
organelles
structures inside a cell
ribosomes
organelles that produce proteins
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
a system of membranes and sacs
that can move materials from one
part of the cell to another
Golgi
bodies/apparatus/complex
a system of membranes which changes,
supports, and packages the proteins to
be stored in the cell or secreted out of
the cell
Lysosomes
an organelle filled with
enzymes that can digest
organic compounds
Mitochondria
the powerhouse of the cell which releases
energy from food
Vacuole
a saclike structure that stores water
or wastes
Cell wall
a stiff outer layer that surrounds the cell
membrane of a plant cell
Chloroplast
organelles which use the energy from the
sun to make food for plants
DNA and
chromosomes
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Nuclear
Membrane
Golgi bodies
Endoplasmic
reticulum
ribosomes
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Vacuole
Cell
Membrane
DNA and
chromosomes
Nucleus
Nuclear
Membrane
Lysosome
Golgi bodies
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic
reticulum
Vacuole
Mitochondria
ribosomes
Chloroplast
Cell Membrane
Cell wall
Vacuoles
• Storage container for
water, food, and
wastes
• Vacuoles are larger in
plant cells than they
are in animal cells
Differences in Cells
• Usually the shape of
a cell is related to its
function (job)
• Plant cells have a
boxlike shape and
animal cells do not
have a particular
shape
• Plant cells have some
structures that animal
cells do not – cell wall
and chloroplasts
• A plant cell usually
has one large vacuole
and an animal cell
usually has several
small ones
Review
• Which organelle directs all cell activities?
Nucleus
• Which organelle controls what goes into or out of
the cell?
Cell membrane
• Which organelle controls what goes into and out
of the nucleus?
Nuclear membrane
• What substance contains the instructions for
everything the cell does?
DNA
Ribosome
• Smallest and most abundant organelles
• Makes proteins
• Proteins are very important for many of the cell’s
activities
Cell Organelles
• the parts inside a cell
• they carry out
functions (jobs) inside
the cell
Cell Membrane
• A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell
• Controls what goes into or out of the cell
• Protects and supports the cell
Nucleus
• “Control center of the
cell” - Directs all cell
activities
• Usually the easiest
organelle to see
under a microscope
• Cells with a nucleus
(plant cells and
animal cells) are
called eukaryotes and
those without a
nucleus (bacteria) are
called prokaryotes
Inside the Nucleus
• Chromosomes –
structures in the
nucleus made of DNA
• DNA – long,
threadlike, material
that contains the
instructions for
everything the cell
does
Cell Wall
• Found only in plant
and bacterial cells
• Rigid, protective
barrier that protects
and supports the cell
• Found outside of the
cell membrane of
plant and bacterial
cells
Chloroplast
• Found only in plant cells
• Contains the green pigment chlorophyll
• Where photosynthesis takes place