Eukaryotic Cells vs. Prokaryotic Cells
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Transcript Eukaryotic Cells vs. Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
vs.
Prokaryotic Cells
Cell Theory
Cells are the basic units of living
organisms.
The cell theory states that:
All
living things are made of one or more cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in living things.
All cells come from other cells.
Cell Types
Two categories:
1. have membranebound organelles and
2. those that do not.
Cells that do not have
membrane-bound
organelles are called
prokaryotic cells.
Unicellular organisms
such as bacteria are
examples of prokaryotes.
Cell Types
Cells that contain organelles which are held
together by membranes are called eukaryotic
cells. Examples include plant and animal cells.
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
The
plasma
membrane is the
flexible boundary
of a cell that
separates a cell
from its
surroundings.
Plasma Membrane
allows nutrients to enter the cell and
waste to be removed. This is referred to
as selective permeability.
*(Selective=Chooses, Permeability=filter
through)*
keeping a healthy balance of nutrients and
water within the cell is called
homeostasis.
Eukaryotic Animal cell
Overview of Organelles
Nucleus- most inner compartment of the cell
that contains chromatin (DNA).
Chromatin- Directions on how to make proteins.
Nucleolus- Found inside nucleus, ribosomes
are made here
Ribosomes- make proteins (made up of RNA
and protein)
Cytoplasm- clear gel like fluid inside the cell,
which suspends all organelles.
Overview Cont’d
Endoplasmic Reticulum- extensive network of
membranes.
Golgi Apparatus- sorts proteins made by the
ribosomes and sends them to needed places in
the cell.
Lysosomes- organelles that are filled with
digestive enzymes to remove waste and
invading bacteria.
Mitochondria- release energy for the cell.
Eukaryotic plant cell
Plant cells are also Eukaryotic cells, but plant
cells contain some organelles that are not found
in animal cells.
Plant Cell Organelles
Cell wall- rigid wall outside the plasma
membrane. It provides the cell with extra
support.
Chloroplasts- captures light and energy; and
converts it into chemical energy.
Chlorophyll- green pigment found inside the
chloroplast.
Plastids- organelles that store things such as
food in the plant cell.
Poster project
Create a 3 part poster comparing and
contrasting the structures/organelles of
each cell (prokaryotic, animal and plant)
Identify
the shape of each cell
Identify the structure and function of
each organelle in the eukaryotic cells
Point out differences between organelles
in the plant and animal cell
Poster example 1:
/wcsstore/
Poster example 2:
Bacterial cell
Animal cell
Plant cell