Transcript File cell organelles

Cell Organelles
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What is an organelle?

Small part of a cell that does a
specific job

Just like your organs are parts of
you that do certain jobs
Ex: heart pumps blood
 Ex: stomach digests food

Cell membrane

Flexible covering outside
the cell

Made of fat (lipids)

Controls what enters and
leaves the cell

Eubacteria,
Archaebacteria, Protists,
Fungi, Plants & Animals
Cell wall

Rigid covering outside the cell

Made of different materials
(depends on the kingdom)

Gives the cell its shape and
protection

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria,
Fungi, Plants, & some Protists
Central vacuole

Large storage area for
water, wastes, and
food

Similar to your
bladder

Plants, Fungi & some
Protists
Centrosome

Bundle of fibers that
helps the cell divide

Produces fibers that
pull chromosomes
apart

Animals & some
Protists
Chloroplast

Absorbs energy from
sunlight to make sugar
(photosynthesis)

Has its own DNA

Bright green

Plants & some
Protists
Cilia

Tiny hairs on the
outside of the cell
used for movement

Hundreds per cell

Some Animals, some
Protists, some
Eubacteria & some
Archaebacteria
Cytoplasm

Liquidy goo that all
the other organelles
float around in

Mostly water and
some salts

Eubacteria,
Archaebacteria, Protists,
Fungi, Plants & Animals
Flagellum

Long, whip-like tail
used for movement

Usually only 1 or 2 per
cell

Some Animals, some
Plants, some Eubacteria,
some Protists, & some
Archaebacteria
Golgi

Proofreads, modifies,
and ships products of
other organelles

Usually found near
cell membrane

Plants, Animals,
Protists, & Fungi
Lysosome

Bubble filled with
enzymes

Breaks down worn
out cell parts
(kamikaze mission)

Plants, Animals,
Protists, & Fungi
Mitochondria

Burns sugar to make
energy in the form of
ATP (cell respiration)

Has its own DNA

“Powerhouse” of the
cell

Plants, Animals,
Protists, & Fungi
Nucleolus

Dark ball inside the
nucleus

Makes ribosomes

Plants, Animals,
Protists, & Fungi
Nucleus

Place where main genetic
material is kept (DNA &
RNA)

Usually near center of
cell

“Command center” or
“Brain” of cell

Plants, Animals, Protists,
& Fungi
Pili

Tiny hairs covering
the outside of the cell

Help cell recognize &
sense its surroundings

Eubacteria &
Archaebacteria
Ribosomes

Tiny dots in
cytoplasm or on
rough E.R.

Make proteins

Eubacteria,
Archaebacteria,
Protists, Fungi, Plants
& Animals
Rough E.R.

Series of tunnels (like a
subway)

Transport proteins
around the cell

Usually wrapped around
the nucleus

Plants, Animals, Protists,
& Fungi
Smooth E.R.

Series of tunnels (like a
subway)

Transport new membrane
pieces around the cell

Usually found just outside
Rough E.R.

Plants, Animals, Protists, &
Fungi
Vesicle

Bubble that transports
materials all around the cell

Like wrapping paper or a box

Usually found around the
Golgi

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria,
Protists, Fungi, Plants &
Animals