Transcript What you will learn today . . .

Learning Targets
“I Can. . .”
-Name the four cell structures in common to all cell
types.
-Describe Anton Van Leeuwen hoek’s contribution to
cellular biology.
-List the three principles of the cell theory.
-Describe the function of the following cell parts:
nucleus, cytoplasm, vacuole, chloroplasts, ribosomes,
golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, cell
wall, and cell membrane.
The Virtual Cell Tour
What Is A Cell?
Introduction
1.The cell is the smallest unit of an organism
that meets the criteria of life. Cells…
a. Have DNA
b. Grow and develop
c. Respond to their environment
d. Reproduce
e. Maintain a stable internal environment
f. Obtain and use energy
g. Evolve
Introduction
2. Anything smaller than the cell, is not
alive, yet is still critical in making up the
cell.
3. These nonliving components of the cell
include…
a. Elements like carbon (C), Hydrogen (H),
Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Phosphorus (P),
and Sulfur (S).
b. These elements combine to form larger
molecules like carbohydrate, lipids, proteins,
and nucleic acids.
The Discovery of the Cell
1. Late 1500s: eyeglass makers in Europe
realized that you could magnify objects
by adding several glass lenses; this
revelation helped develop the first
microscopes.
The Discovery of the Cell
2. 1665: Robert Hooke
described “little boxes”
found in a thin slice of
cork; “Little boxes” are
given the name of cells.
The Discovery of the Cell
3. Late 1600s: Anton
van Leeuwenhoek used
a basic microscope to
observe pond water and
noticed a variety of
living organisms
The Discovery of the Cell
4. 1838: Matthias Schleiden concluded that
all plants are made of cells.
5. 1855: Rudolf Virchow concluded that new
cells can only be produced from existing
cells.
6. Present day: We now summarize all of
these ideas into the cell theory.
The Discovery of the Cell
7. The cell theory:
a. All living things composed of one or more cells
b. Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in an organism
c. New cells are produced from existing cells
Cell Diversity—there are many
types of cells!
1. Size
a. Range in size from 0.2um to 1mm
b. Most are microscopic
The amoeba Chaos
chaos is visible to the
naked eye as a speck
Floating on top of pond
water
Cell Diversity—there are many
types of cells!
2. Shape
a. Cell shape is directly related to its function
b. Flexible to change/move
BLOOD CELL
NERVE CELL
Cell Diversity—there are many
types of cells!
3. Internal organization
a. Contain internal structures called organelles
that perform specific functions for the entire
cell
b. Cells that lack a nucleus are called prokaryotic
(Bacteria)
c. Cells with a nucleus are called eukaryotic
(plant, animal, fungus, protists)
The Complexity of Life
1. Single-celled organisms exist in the fossil
record from about 4 billion to 2 billion years
ago
The Complexity of Life
2. The Endosymbiotic Theory predicts how
eukaryotic cells developed from prokaryotic
cells
The Complexity of Life
3. Living things have become increasingly
complex over time.
a. Single-celled organisms must maintain
homeostasis.
b. In multicellular organisms, each cell often
specializes to perform a specific job.
The Complexity of Life
References
http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/2k2endosymb.ht
ml
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bi
o%20102/bio%20102%20lectures/protists/protists.htm
http://anatomyandphysiologyi.com/ap-levels-of-structuralorganization/