Transcript Cell/Protist/Monera

Cell/Protist/Monera
Unit Review
Question 1
How would you describe protists to a friend who
has never heard of them before? Remember, you
need to make them sound different than plants,
animals, fungi and monerans!
Protists are microscopic, unicellular,
aquatic (live in water), eukaryotic (true
nucleus) and have some way to move
around their environment. They do not
have tissues or organs, which animals
do have. Some photosynthesize using
chloroplasts, while others consume
food. The Euglena even does both!
Question 2
Your friend is still a little confused so you describe some
specific examples: amoeba, paramecium, volvox and
euglena. Don’t forget to include their structures for
feeding and movement!
Amoeba: This blob-like protist is the ultimate
shape shifter. It uses pseudopods (false feet) to
move and capture prey.
Paramecium: A slipper-shaped protists that pushes
prey towards its oral groove using hair-like
projections called cilia.
Question 2 cont…
Your friend is still a little confused so you describe some
specific examples: amoeba, paramecium, volvox and
euglena. Don’t forget to include their structures for
feeding and movement!
Volvox: A colony of algae living together as one
organism that often have daughter colonies growing
inside. They photosynthesize using chloroplasts and
move using flagella.
Euglena: This is an omnivorous protist that is
capable of consuming prey or photosynthesizing.
They swim use a tail-like projection called a
flagella and detect light using their eyespot.
Question 3
For protists, what is the purpose of a cyst?
Where have we experienced cysts in this class?
Protists will form a protective
envelope to keep them safe
until conditions are fit for
their survival. It is a similar
idea to bears hibernating
when it is cold.
Question 4
What distinguishes monera from other kingdoms?
What else do you know about this kingdom?
Monera do not have a true nucleus – they are
prokaryotic. This means that their DNA (genetic
material) is floating within the cell, instead of
contained in a nuclear membrane. They are also
much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Lastly, they were
the first organisms on Earth.
This kingdoms consists mostly of bacteria. There
are both good and bad bacteria and they are
everywhere! They come in rod, sphere and spiral
shapes.
Question 5
Pretend you are Dr. John Snow and you are trying
to convince the people of London that your theory
on cholera is true. State your claim, give specific
evidence to support your claim and explain your
reasoning. Use the graphic below as a guide.
Question 5
Claim: The cholera bacteria
is being spread through
water at the Broad Street Pump.
Evidence: Many deaths centered around this pump including a
woman who lived in another area but had her water brought
from Broad Street, bacteria was observed under a microscope
from water sample at the pump, when the handle was removed
from the pump the epidemic stopped.
Reasoning: Since the deaths only occurred with people who have
consumed water from the broad street pump and there was
evidence of bacteria in this water, but not in the water from other
pumps, it can be inferred that the bacteria is causing the disease.
The epidemic coming to an end when people could no longer
drink from the pump further supports this claim.
Question 6
Your little cousin is very immature. To set a good
example, you describe the reproduction of protists
and monerans without giggling.
Protists and monera reproduce asexually.
There are a few different names and
techniques, which include: fission, budding,
cell division. The “parent” produces a copy
of itself and that offspring is considered a
new generation.
Question 7
You overhear a child at a pet shop telling his
grandpa that he wants a pet robot instead of a
hamster. Using the life processes, explain to this
child why a robot is not considered a living pet.
All living things (organisms) are
made of cells, move or grow,
excrete waste, do cellular
respiration, reproduce, obtain
nutrients, and respond to their
environment. Organisms fit
into five main kingdoms,
monera (oldest), protists,
plants, animals, and fungi.
Question 8
Your mom is trying to help you study for a science test and
just doesn’t get the difference between eukaryotic and
prokaryotic cells. Help her out and give an example of each
in your description.
Eukaryotic cells have their DNA confined
in a nuclear envelope so they have a true
nucleus. Some examples we saw in class
were onion cells, cheek cells, and protists.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nuclear
membrane, so their DNA is not separated
from the rest of the cell.
Question 9
If you thought the last one was hard for mom, she really
isn’t getting organelles! Help her understand the function of
the Cytoplasm, Chloroplasts, Cell Wall, Nuclear Membrane,
and Nucleus by describing each and comparing them to
something she’s familiar with.
Cytoplasm: Watery environment within a cell.
Choroplasts: The chlorophyll inside makes them appear green and is in charge of
photosynthesis in plants and plant-like protists.
Cell Wall: Outer structure on plant cells that helps maintain their shape and gives
them support.
Nuclear Membrane: Similar to the cell membrane only it is just around the nucleus.
Nucleus: The command center of the cell. It gives directions to all other organelles.
Question 10
Describe succession in a natural pond. How does
this compare to changes in your own pond?
Succession is the natural progression of a pond ecosystem over time.
It starts by a hole filling with water, followed by debris slowly filling
up the pond, and finally the pond becomes a marsh or grassland
depending on the area.
In our ponds, the lemna reproduced,
protists came out of their cysts, rice was
broken down and used as nutrients for
protists, the water became darker, leaves
settled to the bottom, the water began to
smell and some water evaporated.
Question 11
Explain a situation when matter is transformed, not
created or destroyed. Where does it go instead?
One example of energy being
transformed is a large fish eating
a small fish and using that energy
to grow. The small fish is not
gone, it provides nutrients for the
larger fish and any unused
portions will become waste that
will settle to the bottom of the
pond to either be food or soil.