Transcript HISTORICAL FIGURES

HISTORICAL FIGURES
Mary Whiton Calkins
• 1st woman president of the American
Psychological Association
• Pioneered memory research
William James
• Its more important to consider evolved
functions of our thoughts and feelings
• Introduced Functionalism
• Wrote textbook, Principles of Psychology
Charles Darwin
• Evolutionary theorist
• Natural Selection: traits that are necessary for
reproduction and survival are most likely to be
passed on
• Thinking developed because it was
contributed to survival
Ivan Pavlov
• Pioneered the study of learning
• Behaviorism
Jean Piaget
• Observer of children
• Developed the intellectual development
theory for children
• Cognitive Psychology
Carl Rogers
• One of the founders of humanistic psychology
• Emphasized current environmental influences
on our growth potential
• Need love and acceptance
Dorothea Dix
• Helped reform inhumane treatment for
psychological disorders
Sigmund Freud
• Psychoanalytic theory
G. Stanley Hall
• One of the first psychologists to describe
adolescence
• Believed the tension between biological
maturity and social dependence creates a
period of “storm and stress”
• 1st President of the American Psychological
Association
• Member of the School of Structuralism
B.F. Skinner
• Behaviorist
• Rejected introspection and studied how
consequences shape behavior
Margaret Floy Washburn
• 1st woman to receive a psychology Ph.D.
• 1st foreign study to be publishedin Wundt’s
journal
John B. Watson
• Psychology is the science of behavior
• Little Albert experiment demonstrated the
effect of conditioned response
Wilhelm Wundt
• Established the first psychology lab in Leipzig
Germany in 1879
• Member of the School of Structuralism
Edward Bradford Titchener
• Introduced Structuralism