Transcript Advances of the 19th Century

Agenda 12-11
• BW – Define Vocab on notes sheet
• EQ: What were the major advances of the
19th century
• CW – Notes 19th Advances
• HW – Louis Pasteur Reading
• TOTD – Answer EQ in detail
• QOTD “All right everyone, line up
alphabetically according to your height.”
• Casey Stengel
The Dreyfus Affair
• Dreyfus affair—spy controversy over
Jewish officer in French army
• Anti-Semitism—prejudice against Jews,
strong in much of Europe
• Captain Alfred Dreyfus innocent
• Leads to Rise of Zionism
Technology Explosion
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Edison-light bulb, phonograph, motion pictures
Eastman-Kodak film, motion picture film
Bell-telephone
Marconi-radio
Ford-assembly-line built automobiles
Wright Brothers-flight
Medicine
• Germ Theory- Louis Pasteur discovers
bacteria causes disease
• Joseph Lister links bacteria to post surgery
deaths, surgeons begin sterilizing
equipment
• Vaccines developed to fight disease
Science
• Darwin proposes theory of evolution, still
controversial today
• Mendel-genetics, traits passed to offspring
• Medeleev-creates the Periodic Table of
Elements
• Curie’s discover radioactivity
• Rutherford-atoms have nucleus
surrounded by electrons
DARWIN (AGAIN!)
• Charles Darwin—English scientist
• Theory of evolution challenges “special
creation” by God
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
• Theory of evolution—species change
slowly through natural selection
• Natural selection says competition
elevates fittest. Fittest then breed, their
offspring share their advantages
• Gradually, over generations, species
change; new species evolve
NEW Social Sciences
• Archaeology, anthropology, & psychology
• Scientists want to explain human behavior
& development
• Freud- conscious & unconscious both
influence human behavior
• Pavlov- animals (people too) can be
trained for automatic response
Mass Culture
• More education and $$$ = more art,
music, & literature
• Labor reforms = more leisure time
• Spectator Sports
• Music, vaudeville, & movies