Transcript Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure and Function
Get out paper, pencil, any notes taken from
book and class.
Be prepared to take notes!
Today we review and re-teach the parts of
the cell. Use this to correct any misunderstanding you have about these parts!
Cell Structure and Function
KWL - The Cell
What do you
know?
What do you
want to know?
What have you
learned?
Cell
a usually microscopic structure containing
nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed
by a semipermeable membrane and, in
plants, a cell wall
the basic structural unit of all
organisms.
Cell Organelles
Organelles
Cells contain special
parts called organelles.
Each organelle has a
specific job to do to
keep the cell
functioning properly,
much like an organ in
our body does.
This is why they are
called organelles.
organelle
nucleus
cell
organelle
endoplasmic reticulum
Next >
Organelles
There are many different
types of organelles.
nucleus
cell
Not all the different
types are present in
all cells.
The types of
organelles present in
a cell depend on the
job the cell does.
endoplasmic reticulum
Next >
Animal and Plant Cells
Some organelles are
found in both plant
and animal cells.
These include:
 cell membrane
 nucleus
 cytoplasm
 endoplasmic reticulum
plant
cell
animal
cell
 mitochondria
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Plant Cells
Other organelles are
present in plant cells but
not in animal cells.
These include:
 cell wall
 large central vacuole
 chloroplast
plant cell
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Question 1
Which of the following statements about cells
is true?
A) All cells in an organism contain the same
organelles.
B) Not all living organisms are made up of cells.
C) Plant cells have organelles that are not found in
animal cells.
D) Plants and animals contain all the same
organelles.
Next >
Question 1
Which of the following statements about cells
is true?
A) All cells in an organism contain the same
organelles.
B) Not all living organisms are made up of cells.
C) Plant cells have organelles that are not found in
animal cells.
D) Plants and animals contain all the same
organelles.
Next >
Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane
 Function:
 Regulates what enters
and leaves the cell
 Provides protection and
support
 Structure:
 Double membrane
 Flexible structure that
forms a strong barrier
between the cell and its
surroundings
Cell Membrane
 Function:
 Regulates what enters
and leaves the cell
 Provides protection and
support
 Structure:
 Double membrane
 Flexible structure that
forms a strong barrier
between the cell and its
surroundings
Cell Wall
Cell Wall
 Function:
 Provides support and
protection for the cell
 Structure:
 Lies outside the cell
membrane
 Found in plants, algae,
fungi and many bacteria
 NOT FOUND IN
ANIMAL CELLS!
Cell Wall
 Function:
 Provides support and
protection for the cell
 Structure:
 Lies outside the cell
membrane
 Found in plants, algae,
fungi and many bacteria
 NOT FOUND IN
ANIMAL CELLS!
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a watery
substance inside a cell.
Chemicals needed by
the cell are dissolved in
the cytoplasm.
cytoplasm
Next >
Nucleus
Nucleus-The control center
Function:
Contains almost all
of the cell’s DNA
DNA is found on
chromosomes which
contain genetic
information.
Nucleus-The control center
 Structure:
 Surrounded by a double
membrane called a
nuclear envelope
(Nuclear Membrane).
It is dotted with many
pores (holes) to allow
materials in and out of
the nucleus.
Nucleus-The control center
 Structure:
 Surrounded by a double
membrane called a
nuclear envelope
(Nuclear Membrane).
It is dotted with many
pores (holes) to allow
materials in and out of
the nucleus.
You have 3 minutes to compare your
notes with a neighbor. Be sure to ask
questions and fill in any blanks you may
have in your notes at this time.
Vacuoles - Storage
Vacuoles - Storage
 Function:
Stores water, salts,
proteins and
carbohydrates
 Structure:
Sac-like
Plant cells have one
large central vacuole
Animal cells have many
small vacuoles
Vacuoles - Storage
 Function:
Stores water, salts,
proteins and
carbohydrates
 Structure:
Sac-like
Plant cells have one
large central vacuole
Animal cells have many
small vacuoles
Vacuoles - Storage
 Function:
Stores water, salts,
proteins and
carbohydrates
 Structure:
Sac-like
Plant cells have one
large central vacuole
Animal cells have many
small vacuoles
Chloroplasts – Energy in Plants
 Function:
 Captures energy from the
sun (solar energy) and
changes it into food
(chemical energy) for
plants (photosynthesis)
 Structure:
 Contains green pigment
called chlorophyll
 Not found in animal
cells!
Mitochondria - Energy
 Function:
 Convert chemical energy
in food into materials
easier for the cell to
use.
 Structure:
 Enclosed by two
membranes with the
inner membrane folded
up.
 Contains it’s own DNA
(unlike other organelles)
that is identical to your
mother’s!
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic reticulum is
the transport system of a cell.
endoplasmic
reticulum
endoplasmic
reticulum
It takes proteins and lipids
(fats) to other parts of the cell.
Next >
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic reticulum can
be ‘smooth’ or ‘rough’.
Rough endoplasmic
reticulum has structures
on it called ribosomes
that make it look rough.
Ribosomes make the
proteins that are
carried by the
endoplasmic reticulum.
endoplasmic
reticulum
ribosomes
Next >
You have 3 minutes to compare your
notes with a neighbor. Be sure to ask
questions and fill in any blanks you may
have in your notes at this time.
Golgi Bodies
The Golgi bodies
receive materials
and other proteins
from the
endoplasmic
reticulum, package
them, and send
them to other
parts of the cell. Sometimes
called the cell’s
‘Mailroom’
Next >
Individually, create a Venn Diagram for
plant and animal cells.
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
KWL - The Cell:
Your ticket out the door
What do you
know?
What do you
want to know?
What have you
learned?
1. Circle
information that
you heard in
today’s notes
2. Asterik (*)
next to
questions you
had answered
today
3. Add new
information
learned