Transcript Intro to cells

A cell is a cell but how can you
tell?
Robert Hooke-1665
• Examined many living
and non-living things
under the
microscope.
• Living things seem to
be made of
“compartments”
• He called these
compartments, cells
Cork is the outer bark of
an evergreen oak
Cells
• Are made up by
organelles or parts
that have specific
jobs.
More info on size of cells
• the Ostrich egg is the
largest cell on Earth
• It is about the size of a
football
• mycoplasma bacterium is
the smallest cell in the
world.
• It is only ten micrometers
Cell Membrane
• the thin layer
of protein
and fat that
surrounds
the cell.
Jello Model:
Plastic ziploc
bag
Cytoplasm
• the jellylike
material
outside the
cell nucleus
in which the
organelles
are located.
Jello Model:
gelatin
Golgi Body
• a flattened, layered,
sac-like organelle
that looks like a
stack of pancakes
• packages proteins
and carbohydrates
into vesicles for
"export" from the
cell.
Jello Model:
Folded hard ribbon candy
Lysosomes
• round
organelles
surrounded by
a membrane
and containing
digestive
enzymes.
• digestion of
cell nutrients
takes place
here
Jello Model”
M & M Candy
Mitochondria
• spherical to rodshaped organelles
*the inner
membrane is
infolded many
times
• Gives energy to
the cell
Jello Model:
raisins
Nucleus
• spherical body
containing many
organelles
• controls many of
the functions of
the cell and
contains DNA (in
chromosomes).
Jello Model:
A plum
Ribosomes
• small organelles
where proteins are
made.
Jello Model:
Candy sprinkles
Endoplasmic Reticulum
It functions as a packaging system.
It creates a network of membranes found through the whole cell
• Smooth
It acts as a storage
organelle. For example:
It is important
in the creation and
storage of steroids.
• Rough
Jello Model:
Jello Model:
Gummy worms
Sour gummy worms-rough
They are very important in
the synthesis and packaging
of proteins. Some of those
proteins might be used in
the cell and some are sent
out.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Vacuoles
• Vacuoles are
essentially enclosed
compartments which
are filled with water
containing important
stuff for the cell
dissolved in it
What do plant cells have that
animal cells do not?”
• Cell Wall
• Chloroplasts
Plant Cells
Cell Wall-only in plants
• A rigid structure that
protects the plant
• Provides structure
and shape
Chloroplasts
• Capture sun light and
chemically change it
to sugar.
• Chloroplasts are the
food producers of the
cell.
Organelles of a Animal Cell
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus or bodies
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Lysosome
Organelles of a Plant Cell
Cell Wall
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus or bodies
Vacuole
Cytoplasm