Transcript SXR Schedule

The SXR Instrument
The SXR is a instrument for Soft X-ray Materials
Research on the LCLS
 SXR is the second soft x-ray instrument at the LCLS
 SXR is compatible with multiple techniques for studying
materials with ultra short soft x-rays pulses
 SXR spans both hutches 1 & 2 with the end station in Hutch 2
 SXR compliments the AMO experiment
Michael Rowen
Project Engineer
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Scientific Drivers for SXR
X-Ray Scattering Spectroscopy on Strongly
Correlated Materials
Pump-Probe Ultrafast Chemistry
Magnetic Imaging
Ultrafast Coherent Imaging
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Science Driven Requirements
Soft X-ray Beam Line, 500*-2000eV:
Monochromatic, E/DE of ~5000
Focused or unfocused beam at end station
Switch between monochromatic and “white” beam
without moving experimental system
Open end station for interchangeable user systems
Capabilities for fast, single shot, transmission
spectroscopy
* LCLS operations will be at photon energies >825eV in the near term.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
SXR Beam Line
Major Components:
Monochromator
Exit slit
Focusing Optics
No fixed end station
Transmission sample chamber (up stream of
mono)
Spectrometer detector (insertable, at exit slit)
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
SXR Layout
Basic AMO & SXR layout in hutches 1 & 2
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Grating Monochromator
Varied Line Spacing (VLS) grating
monochromator:
2 optical elements (vertically deflecting):
spherical mirror, VLS plane grating
Energy scan by rotation of grating
Erect focal plane for spectrometer
mode and fixed slit position.
B4C coated optics
Courtesy Phil Heimann
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Monochromator Layout
M1 Mirror & Grating
Exit Slit
Monochromator spans the first and second hutches
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Resolution vs Energy
100 l/mm grating
200 l/mm grating
1.0
1.0
Source
M1 Mirror
100 l/mm Grating
Total
0.8
Resolution (eV)
Resolution (eV)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
600
800
1000
1200
Photon energy (eV)
At 800 eV DE = 0.19 eV
Source
M1 Mirror
200 l/mm Grating
Total
1400
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
Photon energy (eV)
1800
2000
At 1200 eV DE = 0.23 eV
Resolution goal of 0.2 eV at 1000 eV is achieved.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Optical tolerances
Type
Enstation
1
M1
M3
Radius
(m)
Figure
error
(mrad,
nm)
Roughness
(nm)
0.3
2
0.3
2
0.4
0.3
2
0.4
2
0.4
B4C-coated
silicon
B4C -coated
silicon
250 x 30
165 x 10
943
220 x 50
160 x 24

Bent Elliptical B4C-coated
mirror
silicon
Bent Cylindrical B4C-coated
mirror
silicon
250 x 30
175 x 10
262.8
250 x 30
50 x 10
156
Spherical
mirror
Plane VLS
grating
G1, G2
Detector/
Slit
M2
Coating and Dimensions
Clear
blank
(mm) Aperture (mm)
material
0.4
0.4
Endstation
2
The figure tolerances are difficult because we need to preserve the
brightness of a source 100 mm in diameter and at a 100 m
distance.
That accuracy has been achieved by two venders for the LCLS
SOMS and HOMS mirrors.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Grating efficiency
0.4
Grating Groove
frequen depth
cy
(nm)
(1/mm)
100 l/mm
200 l/mm
Efficiency
0.3
0.2
0.1
Groove
width
(mm)
100
28
7.2
200
13
2.95
0.0
5
6
7
8
9
2
1000
Photon energy (eV)
Grating efficiency calculations with Gsolver by Phil Heimann.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Fourier optics simulations
 At the exit slit.
 Assuming 2 nm
rms figure error.
From Jacek Krzywinski
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Fourier optics simulations (cont.)
X profile
Y profile
 At the focus in end
station.
 Assuming 2 nm rms
figure error.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Behind the focus (10 cm)
When the focus of the KB
mirrors are not at the sample,
there is more structure in the
beam.
The peak intensity is still
reduced, here by ~1/100.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Pulse duration preservation
Pulse stretching: N m l = 40 fs at 826 eV
(i.e. at high dispersion)
An adjustable aperture near grating can be used to
reduce pulse stretching with a decreased intensity and
energy resolution.
For dispersive measurements and white beam, LCLS
pulse duration is unaffected.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Focusing Optics
K-B Optics:
Silicon Substrates
 Profiled mirrors bent to elliptical cylinders
 Focus to <10x10mm
 B4C coatings
 Un-bend one or both mirrors for line or unfocused beam
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
K-B Refocusing Mirrors
K-B Mirrors
Focus End Station
<10x10 mm
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Use ALS beamline mechanical designs
ALS “standard” monochromator:
0.1 mrad motion of pre-mirror and
grating, Horizontal translation of
chamber.
ALS bendable mirror:
Motorized leaf springs,
Flange mounted.
Plan to use existing mechanical designs with minimal modifications
in the LCLS SXR Instrument.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Optical Design Review 7/15/08
Committee
Peter Stefan (SLAC) chair, Alistair MacDowell (ALS), Rolf Follath
(BESSY)
General comments
“Overall, the review committee felt that the optical design
presented is good, and will likely work. The assembled SXR
design team has good experience in this area and a good ‘track
record.’ Also, the damage issues seemed properly considered.”
Specific recommendations
Because of the as-coated density of B4C, the mirror incidence
angles were changed 15 -> 14 mrad.
The Fourier optics calculations were repeated with the correct
orientation between the offset mirrors and the monochromator.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Spectrometer Mode
Transmission Sample Location
Spectrometer Detector at Exit Slit
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Pump Laser System
Replicate system from AMO
Csp
Laser
PM1
Spectrometer
PM2
Oscope
PMOsc
l/2-1
F2
Oscillator
Controls
F1
Laser Hall
Hutch 2
PM4
PM3
C5
VEC
l/2-3
C2
l/2-2
C1
L4
C4
M4
M3
To Experiment
L3
L5
PM5
AC
C3
2VEC
M1
L1
Harmonics
To Experiment
l/2-4
M2
L2
Courtesy Greg Hays
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
SXR / AMO Interfaces
AMO & SXR engineers are working closely to
resolve all conflicts as the are identified.
 Space is tracked
 Systems checked for compatibility
 Ideas and designs are shared (i.e. mostly stolen from
AMO and LUSI)
 Operational boundaries have been defined
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Space between instruments is closely tracked
Clears AMO
instrumentation
Minimize
diameter SXR
beam pipe
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
AMO K-B optics and SXR
Space
Mono
forbeing
extension AMO into 2nd Hutch
Rack space is apportioned
designed by the same engineer
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Operations
Operations on the SXR beam line requires installation of the monochromator which is
scheduled for installation winter shutdown ’09-‘10.
Initial operational mode: No access to hutches with beam, i.e. no access to Hutch
1 when AMO is running. (July –Dec ‘09)
Intermediate operational mode: No access to hutches with active experiments.
Access to hutches with beam passing through. (as soon after start of SXR
operations as possible, ~Mar ‘10)
Final operational mode: Access to hutches with active soft x-ray experiments,
Hutch 1 or Hutch 2.
SXR is working with Radiation Physics on defining and building in the necessary shielding
and controls for access soon after SXR operations start.
Operations with samples in the transmission chamber (Hutch 1) for spectrograph mode will
require additional approvals, testing and implementation of a shielding plan.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Endstations
8 Endstations described in the TDR document
Stöhr
Chapman
Nilsson
Hussein-Shen
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Institutional Roles
Institution
Support
level (k$)
Role
Initial support for conceptual design (TDR)
Purchase long lead optical components
Engineering and design
750
LBNL
X-ray optical design and on going technical support
Engineering and design of X-ray optical systems
380
DESY
Provides hardware and support for assembly
Technical expertise FEL instrumentation
1500
CFEL
Provides hardware and support for assembly
300
LCLS
Provides overall management structure, pays for installation
and integration, will manage operations
Stanford
Total estimated cost:
1517
$4447k
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
SXR Status
 The SXR scientific case has been reviewed by SAC.
 Technical Design Report (TDR) has been written and
accepted.
 LCLS has reviewed the project for compatibility.
 The X-ray optical design has been reviewed.
 The base MoU is signed.
 Integration of SXR into the LCLS construction project has
started.
 Proposals for Long lead optical components are coming in
and the first contracts have been placed.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
Status of MoU
 The MoU between SLAC and DESY has been signed by
DESY and SLAC.
 The technical addendum defining contributions and roles
of the members of the consortium is in final draft and
should be completed by ??.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
SXR Schedule
SXR is just starting to be integrated into the LCLS schedule. These completion dates are the
earliest possible dates. Expected final installations are in Dec ’09/Jan ’10.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]
SXR Instrument team
 Anders Nilsson (Stanford) & Wilfried Wurth (Hamburg): consortium leaders
 Phil Heimann & Nicholas Kelez (ALS): monochromator and KB optics
 Yves Acremann (Stanford) & Alexander Foehlisch (Hamburg): diagnostics
and with Bill White & Greg Hays (LCLS) laser beam delivery
 Stefan Moeller (LCLS): LCLS contact
 Gunther Haller, Perry Anthony, Dave Nelson (SLAC): controls
 Amedeo Perazzo, Chris O’Grady & Remi Machet: data acquisition
 Jacek Krzywinski (LCLS): fourier optics simulations
 Regina Soufli (LLNL): optical coatings
 Michael Rowen* (LCLS/SLAC) : overall beam line systems, budget,
schedule, interfaces
*Only full-time person.
November 12, 2008
Michael Rowen
LCLS FAC Meeting
[email protected]