Transcript file - Athens Academy

The Cell
Organelles
Cellular
Processes
The Cell
Membrane
Cell Pot
Pourri
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These are the four main
types of macromolecules
that are found in cells.
What are
carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids and
nucleic acids?
Cellular components (ie –
what type of structures
found in the cell) and the
stuff the cell produces is
indicative of . . .
What is cellular
function (remember
the
structure/function
relationship)?
This is the best
explanation as to the
reason why cells are
so small.
What is surface area to
volume ratio (and the need
for the plasma membrane to
be large enough to support
nutrient needs of cell and get
rid of cellular waste)?
These short cellular extensions, represented
by #1 above, help move particles across the
external surface of human cells.
What are cilia?
Represented by #2, this secretory vesicle
undergoing the process of exocytosis would
most likely contain this type of macromolecule.
What are protein
molecules?
This organelle serves as
the brain of the cell.
What is the
nucleus?
This is the organelle
within the cell that
enables the
production of ATP.
What is the
mitochondria?
These vesicles within the
cell act as the policemen of
the cell – breaking down
worn out organelles,
digesting food and ridding
the cell of foreign
particles, such as bacteria.
What are
lysosomes?
Represented by #4 above, this set of cellular
membranes serve as a packaging and
distribution center for proteins & lipids.
What is the Golgi
Apparatus?
Cells that secrete lots of
protein would have a very
extensive endoplasmic
reticulum studded with
these.
What are attached
ribosomes?
This is the process
where one somatic
cell divides into two
cells.
What is mitosis?
These are the only
types of cells that
undergo meiosis.
What are the
gametes (sperm &
egg)?
This is the process
of DNA being
copied into mRNA
in the nucleus.
What is
transcription?
The process where
mRNA exits the
nucleus, finds a
ribosome and
converted into a
protein.
What is
translation?
This is a specialized
form of endocytosis
where specific
molecules are
brought into the cell.
What is receptormediated
endocytosis?
This is the type of
molecule that forms
the double-layered
plasma membrane of
the cell.
What are
phospholipids?
These types of large
molecules float in the
plasma membrane and
serve as membrane
channels, carrier
molecules, and enzymes
among other things
What are proteins?
Both oxygen and
carbon dioxide can
travel across the
plasma membrane
via this process.
What is diffusion?
E.C. – Why will these
molecules diffuse across
the membrane?
The relative polarity of the
structure indicated by #2.
What is polar –
phospholipid heads
are hydrophilic?
Indicated by #4, this type of
protein molecule enables what type
of molecule to cross the membrane.
What are polar
molecules and/or
ions?
The beginning of all things
living starts here.
What is the cell?
These mini-organs, so to
speak, are found in varying
quantities in every cell and
facilitate cellular
processes ranging from
energy production to
synthesis of lipids.
What are
organelles?
Name three types of macromolecules
found within the cell membrane.
What are
phospholipids,
carbohydrates,
proteins and/or
cholesterol?
This type of ribosome is
used for manufacturing
proteins that are used
inside the cell.
What are free
ribosomes?
This cellular organelle
serves as the cell’s internal
bone structure – providing
support and helping the
cell maintain its shape.
What is the
cytoskeleton?