Transcript The Rock Cycle!! How the heck do we get rocks?

THE ROCK CYCLE
A REVIEW:
THE PROCESSES THAT CHANGE ROCKS
• Weathering: breaks down rocks into tiny mineral
grains or sediments.
• Erosion: moves the sediments by wind or water.
Layers of sediments pile up. Over time, the
pressure of compaction turns the sediments
into sedimentary rock.
• Heat: Melts the rocks.
• Pressure (Compaction): Compacts the rocks
together.
WHAT IS THE ROCK CYCLE
• The rock cycle shows how rocks are
created and how they change over
time
• Each type of rock we have learned
about can change into any of the
other types of rocks
In your notes…
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Let’s start with igneous rock
IGNEOUS ROCK  SEDIMENTARY
ROCK
• When LAVA cools, igneous rock is formed
• This rock is then exposed to elements such
as wind and water
• Wind and water can break down igneous
rock into smaller pieces called sediment
Let’s start with igneous rock
IGNEOUS ROCK  SEDIMENTARY
ROCK
• Over time those pieces of sediment compact and
cement over time (compaction & cementation) to
form…
Sedimentary rock!
Let’s start with igneous rock
IGNEOUS ROCK  METAMORPHIC
ROCK
• All rocks can be heated! AND…THE EARTH
PRODUCES A LOT OF HEAT
• Inside of the earth there is heat from pressure and
this heat bakes the rocks
• The igneous rocks below the earth’s surface do not
melt, but they change form because the crystals in
the rock change when subjected to heat
• Tectonic plate movement (more on this in quarter
2!) also produces a large amount of heat which
then create mountains of metamorphic rock
Let’s start with igneous rock
Now let’s look at metamorphic rock
METAMORPHIC  SEDIMENTARY
• METAMORPHIC ROCKS can turn into
SEDIMENTARY rocks
• This happens when metamorphic rocks are
exposed to the elements (wind/water) and
break down into pieces of sediment
• The sediment compacts into layers and
eventually new sedimentary rock forms
Now let’s look at metamorphic rock
METAMORPHIC  IGNEOUS
• METAMORPHIC ROCKS can turn into
IGNEOUS rocks
• Rocks inside of the earth can melt
down into magma and eventually
come out of the rock in the form of
lava
• When this lava hardens and cools, we
have IGNEOUS rock
Now let’s look at metamorphic rock
And finally…sedimentary rock
SEDIMENTARY  METAMORPHIC
• SEDIMENTARY rocks can become
metamorphic rocks
• When sedimentary rocks are forced back
inside of the earth, the crystals within the rock
change because of the intense heat
And finally…sedimentary rock
SEDIMENTARY  IGNEOUS
• SEDIMENTARY rocks can become IGNEOUS
rocks
• At plate boundaries, or inside of volcanoes,
sedimentary rocks can melt down and
become part of a lava stream
• Once coming out onto the earth’s surface,
these rocks will be altered and now called
igneous rocks
And finally…sedimentary rock