Transcript Slide 1 - Centro de Geociencias ::.. UNAM

Limites divergentes: continentales y
oceanicos. Zonas de fractura oceanicas
y fallas transformantes. Ofiolitas y
basaltos
Zona de ruptura de los principales sismos de subducción en México
Cinemática de la ruptura: mecanismos focales
Ejemplos de inversión de la forma de onda para determinar el
mecanismo focal
Tomografía sísmica
Mapa del estado de esfuerzo en la litósfera (World Stress Map Project
Tectonica de Placas
-Tipos de placas y sus fronteras
-- Limites divergentes: continentales y oceanicos.
--Zonas de fractura oceanicas y fallas transformantes.
---Ofiolitas y basaltos
-- Limites convergentes: zonas de subduccion. Prismas de acrecion, arcos
magmaticos.
Ophiolites are pieces of oceanic plate that have been thrusted (obducted) onto the edge
of continental plates. They provide models for processes at mid-ocean ridges.
Ophiolites are an assemblage of mafic and ultramafic lavas and hypabyssal rocks found
in association with sedimentary rocks like greywackes and cherts. They are found in
areas that have complex structure. Cross-sections simplified from R.C. Coleman, 1981,
Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 86, p. 2497-2508.
Ophiolites have been found in Cyprus, New Guinea, Newfoundland, California, and
Oman. The Samail ophiolite in southeastern Oman has probably been studied in the
greatest detail. The rocks probably formed in the Cretaceous not far from the what is
now the Persian Gulf. The rocks were later thrust (pushed uphill at a low angle)
westward onto the Arabian shield.
Convergent
boundaries
Convergent
boundaries
Collision
Subduction