Transcript Cell Organelles

Warm Up
____ 1. Provides energy for the cell by
breaking down glucose molecules.
____ 2. Converts light energy to chemical
energy for the plant cell through
photosynthesis.
____ 3. This organelle controls all cell
activities.
____ 4. Is selectively permeable.
____ 5. A gelatin-like substance that is the
site of many chemical reactions in the cell.
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a collection of tissues that carry out
specialized function of the body
a group of organs that work together to
perform body functions
the arrangement of parts in an organism
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell
membrane and provides support to the
cell
a group of similar cells that perform a
common function
an organism that consists of a single cell
that does not have a nucleus
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one of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that
contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in
processes such as growth, metabolism, and
reproduction
cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site
of protein synthesis
a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s
cytoplasm and that assists in the production,
processing, and transport of proteins and in the
production of lipids
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded
by two membranes and that is the site of cellular
respiration
the smallest functional and structural unit of all living
organisms; usually consists of a nucleus, cytoplasm,
and a membrane
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a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
cell organelle that helps make and package materials
to be transported out of the cell
a small cavity or sac that contains material in a
eukaryotic cell
the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or
part
a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts
as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s
environments
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus
enclosed by a membrane
The Cell: The Basic
Unit of Life
The Cell
 The
Cell has many parts.
 Each
part has a specific job and
plays an important part in the life
of a cell.
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Cell Membrane
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Structure: protective layer that surrounds
the cell.
Composed of lipids and phospholipids.
Function: controls interactions between
the environment and the inside of the
cell.
Cytoplasm
 Structure:
Gelatin like
substance inside cell,
constantly flowing.
 Function:
a) keeps the cell moist.
b) allows for chemical
reactions to take place.
Cytoskeleton
 Structure:
framework made
up of thin hollow
tubes.
 Function: Helps
the cell maintain
it’s shape
Nucleus
 The
brain of the cell
 Structure: has it’s own
membrane.
 Functions:
a) directs all cell
activity
b) contains the
hereditary material
(DNA)
Mitochondria
The POWER HOUSE of the
cell!!!!!
 Function: breaks down
nutrients to make energy for
the cell.
 ATP is the energy source.
*Why would muscle cells in
your legs have more
mitochondria than muscles in
your abdomen?
Ribosomes
Made in the nucleolus and sent
out to the cytoplasm.
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Structure:
-Not membrane bound
-Either float freely in the
cytoplasm or are connected to
the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Functions:
-Produces protein using the
information provided by the DNA.
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Made up of folded membranes
Structure: either be rough or smooth
-Rough: has ribosomes
-Smooth: no ribosomes
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Functions:
-Acts as the processing center for
proteins and other substances.
-A system of highways to send things
to different places.
Golgi Bodies
Golgi Apparatus/Golgi Complex
 Structure:
-Stacked membranes, acts as the mail
center.
 Functions:
-Sort out proteins and other substances in
vesicles (packages) to go to their
appropriate places (other parts of the cell,
organelles, or out of the cell).
Vacuoles
 Vacuoles:
temporary storage for any
excess cell material.
Lysosomes
 Function:
-Breaks down and recycles unused substances
-Also kills the cell (Lysis) when the cell is no longer
functional.
Extra Plant Structures
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Plants are unique organisms and their cells have
two added organelles.
 Cell Wall
-Tough, rigid, outer coverings made of
CELLULOSE (a carbohydrate)
Function:
-Protection
-Support and shape for the plant
Chloroplasts
Green organelles that contain chlorophyll
 Function:
• Chlorophyll captures light and uses it to make
energy (photosynthesis).
Different Types of Cells
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Nucleus- I’m the boss
Mitochondrion- power packed
Cytoplasm- oooey, gooey
Membrane- coming or going
Vacuole- hold on layaway
Golgi Bodies- packed –n- ready
Lysosomes- clean up the junk
Ribosomes- one order o’ proteins
ER- on the road again
Cytoskeleton- keep’n the shape
Chloroplast- green food machine
Cell Wall- rough –n- tough
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