Transcript Basic Chemistry for Biology

Basic Chemistry for Biology
1. What is Matter?
• Matter is
anything that
takes up
space and has
mass.
2. What is a physical property?
Give an example.
• A physical property can
be measured, observed
or described.
• State like: Solid, Liquid
Gas are examples and
so are properties like
color or density.
3. What is a chemical property?
Give examples.
• A chemical property is
something that can be
observed during a
chemical reaction or is
simply the elements it is
made of.
• Examples: How
combustible something
is or the elements that
it is made of.
4. What is a physical change?
Give an example.
• A physical change is
when there is a change
that affects the form
but not the identity of
something.
• Melting, tearing,
freezing, or breaking
something into pieces
are examples.
5. What is a chemical change?
Give an example.
• When a compound or
element combines with
another and a new
substance is formed.
• Examples include
cooking food, burning
wood, combustion, or
chemical reactions.
6. Place in order of complexity smallest
to most complex.
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1. Electron
2. Nucleus
3. Atom
4. Molecule
5. Element
6. Compound
7. Cell
8. Tissue
9. Organism
7. What is an element?
• An element is
a pure
substance
made of one
type of atom.
8. Draw the structure of an atom indicating
location and charge of the components.
9. How do you determine the atomic
number of an atom?
• The atomic
number is
based on the
number of
protons an
element has.
10. How do you determine the atomic
mass of an element?
• The atomic mass is
the average
number of all of
the atoms protons
and neutrons in
the nucleus.
11. What is an isotope? Give an
example.
• An isotope is an atom
with the same number
of protons but a
different number of
neutrons.
• Carbon-12 and Carbon14 are isotopes of
carbon.
• Bothe have 6 protons
but one has 6 neutrons
while the other has 8
12. Describe two uses for
radioisotopes.
• PET scans, MRIs or
other imaging
• To kill bacteria as in
irradiated fruit
• To treat cancer
13. What is a compound?
• A compound is two or
more elements in
definite proportions.
• H2 0
14. Describe how and where electrons
are arranged or configured in an atom.
• Electrons orbit
around the nucleus
in energy levels
where 2 can be in
the closest orbital,
up to 8 can be in
the second orbital
and up to 8 in the
third.
15. Compare and contrast covalent and
ionic bonds. How are they formed?
• Covalent bonds are
formed when two
elements share one or
more electrons
• Ionic bonds are formed
when an electron is
transferred from one
atom to another
16. How are ions formed?
• Ions form when
an atom either
gains or gives up
an electron.
17. What is a molecule?
• A molecule is
the smallest
unit of a
molecule.
18. What information is given in a
chemical formula?
• A chemical formula
gives:
• The elements that are
included
• The ratio they occur in
the compound.
19. What information is given in a
structural formula?
• A structural
formula
shows how
atoms are
bonded.
20. What is a chemical reaction?
• A chemical
reaction is when
a substance is
changed into a
different
substance.
20. What are the parts of a chemical
equation?
• A chemical equation
includes:
• Reactants and products
• Arrow shows the
direction of the process
• The ratio and number
of molecules involved.
2H2 + O2 = 2H2O