Transcript Notes/Science 10/February/February 6th, 2011

Science 10 - The Atom
Mr. Jean
February 6th, 2012
The plan:
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Video clip of the day
Types of substances
What are compounds?
What are elements?
What is matter?
Types of substances:
• Substances can be broken up into two
groups:
• 1. Elements: are pure substance that
cannot be broken down into smaller
substances by ordinary means, such as a
chemical reaction.
– Ex: all the elements on the periodic table like
oxygen, carbon.
Types of substances:
• 2. Compounds: are pure substance made
up of 2 or more elements that are
chemically combined.
– Ex: water is made up of oxygen and
hydrogen, and salt is made up of
sodium and chlorine.
Hand out periodic table
• Please keep this table somewhere useful.
• You will be using this reference sheet
frequently.
Periodic Table
• If you misplace your periodic table there is
one in the science 10 text book.
– Page 570 – 571
The Atom
• The atom is the basic unit of matter.
• Everything is made up of matter, so
everything is made up of atoms.
• Atoms are very small, and cannot even be
seen by a regular microscope.
The Atomic Structure
• Atoms have no charge and are made up of
several subatomic particles. They are:
• 1. Neutrons: are found in the center of
the atom (nucleus). Have no charge or are
neutral.
The Atomic Structure
• 2. Protons: are also found in the center of
the atom (nucleus). Have a positive
charge.
• 3. Electrons: are found revolving around
the nucleus of the atom in shells or
electron clouds. Have a negative charge.
The Atomic Structure
• The nucleus: is the center of the atom
and is made up of protons and neutrons.
(also has a positive charge)
The Atom
• Label the following
atom. Include:
– Proton
– Neutron
– Electron
• Nucleus
What makes atoms different
from one another?
• The number of protons, neutrons and
electrons an atom has determines what
kind of atom it is. Example: The oxygen
atom has 8 electrons and protons
therefore we know it is an oxygen atom.
What makes atoms different
from one another?
• You can determine the number of
electrons and protons an atom has by
looking at its atomic number found on the
periodic table.
Chemistry: A Volatile History
• Episode #1: Discovering the Element
• Complete the answer sheet while watching
the video.