Transcript Physical Sciences Atoms

Announcements:
We will meet in the computer lab,
Room 301, tomorrow, the 17th.
Academic Content Standards
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
o Benchmark A: Describe that matter is made
of minute particles called atoms and atoms
are comprised of even smaller components.
Explain the structure and properties of atoms.
What is an atom?
 The smallest particles of matter are called
atoms.
Neutrons have
no charge
Protons have
a positive charge
Electrons have
a negative charge
Atomic Charges
 If an atom loses an electron, it becomes
positive.
 If an atom gains an electron, it becomes
negative.
 Positive and negative charged atoms are
called ions.
The Periodic Table of Elements
 All the different types of atoms are called elements
and are organized onto the periodic table.
 Each element has a different number of
protons/electrons.
 All atoms of the same type of element contain the
same number of protons. This is called the atomic
number.
 The atomic mass is shown at the bottom of the
element; it is a combination of the weight of protons
and neutrons in that element
The Periodic Table of Elements
 The same type of element will always have
the same number of protons, but that element
can differ in the number of neutrons. This is
called an isotope; each isotope of an element
has a different atomic mass
Example: Carbon-12
Carbon-14
The Periodic Table of Elements
 Periodic Table is organized to relate similar properties
together
o Horizontal rows are called periods and indicate how
many energy levels (shells) the elements have (e.g.
Elements in period two have two energy shells to fill)
o Vertical columns are called groups or families and
show how many electrons are in the outermost
energy shell
o The table is usually color-coded to show what
physical state the elements are in
Bohr Model of An Atom
References
 http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.vtai
de.com/png/images/atom.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.vt
aide.com/png/atom.htm&h=444&w=443&sz=96&tbni
d=7IfbyagU8DpuYM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=127&prev=/im
ages%3Fq%3Datom&usg=__dO_Eep0bu4MAGXfRT
6kaLXvAulw=&ei=fnm2Sp66HqiI8Abt4IHEDQ&sa=X
&oi=image_result&resnum=6&ct=image
 http://img.brothersoft.com/screenshots/softimage/p/p
eriodic_table-196985-1228791898.jpeg
 http://www.corrosionsource.com/handbook/periodic/p
eriodic_table.gif
 http://physics.gmu.edu/~rms/astro113/images/L3/l03
X44.GIF