Transcript Presentation-14

INDIA@COP22
Climate Change and Health in Indian Cities: Modeling the
Impacts of Heat And Air Pollution and Potential CoBenefits From Mitigation and Adaptation
Sangeeta Baksi, Scientist-E
Sustainable Lifestyle = Positive Climate Action
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Climate Change and Health impact
INDIA@COP22
There is worldwide consideration on the potential health impacts from global climate
change.
Three kinds of health impacts have been identified:
 Relatively direct impacts, usually caused by weather extremes
 Consequences of environmental change and ecological disruption in response
to climatic change
 Consequences that occur when populations are demoralised and displaced by
the following climate change induced factors:
 economic dislocation,
 environmental decline and conflict situations including traumatic,
infectious, nutritional, psychological and other health consequences.
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Climate Change and Health impact
INDIA@COP22
 Changes in the climate affect the air we breathe both indoors and outdoors.
 Warmer temperatures and shifting weather patterns can worsen air quality, which
can lead to asthma attacks and other respiratory and cardiovascular health effects.
 Fine particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers emitted directly or may be formed in
the atmosphere from chemical reactions of gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen
dioxide, and volatile organic compounds.
 Particulate matter (PM) – known to affect morbidity and mortality
 Weather extremes threatens agriculture productivity and food secirity
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Key Facts
INDIA@COP22
India's gross domestic product has increased 2.5 times over the past two decades, vehicular
pollution has increased eight times, while pollution from industries has quadrupled.
According to WHO, Delhi is one of the top ten most polluted cities in the world. Apart
from Delhi, the other major polluting metros are Mumbai and Calcutta.
The CO, SO2 and NOx in the ambient air of India are above the WHO safe limit.
The total urban air pollution of SO2 and NOx from major cities in India are 300
micrograms per cubic meter and 250 microgram per cubic meter during 2004 (World
Development Report, 2005).
Emissions threaten the wellbeing of city dwellers, imposing not only a direct economic
cost for human health but also reducing long term productivity of the population
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Key Facts
INDIA@COP22
 Recently a report from MoEF&CC has identified 51 cities that do not meet the
prescribed Respirable Particulate Matter(RSPM) levels, specified under the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards(NAAQS).
 Outdoor air pollution is among the top ten risk factors
in India. 670,000 deaths could be attributed to outdoor
air pollution alone
 AAP major cause of child morbidity
 Life expectancy to decrease by 5-6 years
 Monetary values to health outcomes find that health
costs of urban air pollution in India is ~US$ 1.4 billion
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Developments Needed
INDIA@COP22
• Sustainable urban transport – could cut heart disease and stroke by up to 20%.
• Improved stoves could save 2 million lives over 10 years in India alone, and reduce
warming from black carbon.
• Health benefits from actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions could substantially
offset mitigation costs. GAINS India Cities already developed by NEERI and IIASA
o Policy Intervention to concentrate on specific variables defined in the process of
development as the key policy elements.
o To provide multiple options for air pollution control
o To account for short term climate forcers in decision making of appropriate control
option
To achieve sustainable development
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Agenda for Discussion
Topic for Discussion
Technology Vision 2035 and relevant health
technologies for mitigation and adaptation
Managing future air quality in Delhi
Estimating Contribution of Precursors of Short
Lived Climate Forcer to Climate Change in
Some Urban Areas of India
Impact of current policies on future air quality
and health outcomes in Delhi, India
INDIA@COP22
Focus of Discussion
 key risks associated with future heat-related
mortality as well as air pollution for India
 Deliberate on present issues of climate impact on
different sectors and how state could be involved
in tackling concerns related to health and air
quality
 How data for estimating air pollutants and GHG
emissions in Indian cities help design a flexible
model framework considering specific local
circumstances
 How the health of people can be protected
against climate change and air pollution through
better policy alignment
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INDIA@COP22
But there is still hope and a world of opportunities
to
Save our Planet and Save ourselves for our children
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Sustainable use of resources
Protecting the green cover
Reducing emissions
Controlled usage of water
Spread awareness on healthcare
Thank you!
Email: [email protected]
Source: WHO (2016)
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