Transcript here - Hội bảo vệ thiên nhiên và môi trường Việt Nam

Rio for People: Strengthening People’s
Capacity for Genuine Sustainable Development
VIETNAM’S STAKE
IN RIO+20 AND
THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
Trương Quang Học
CRES, VNU HA NOI, VACNE
OUTLINE
1: OVERVIEW OF SD IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS
2: ACHIEVEMENTS AND WEAKNESSES
4. NATIONAL STRATEGY ON SD UPTO 2020
- CHALLENGES
- GREEN GROWTH
- IMPROVING INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM
- 7 CRITICAL ISSUES
- NATIONAL SD STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION
5. VIETNAM’S LESSONS LEARNED IN SD IMPLEMENTATION
OVERVIEW OF 20 YEARS
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTATION
IN VIETNAM
TWO UN SUMMITS
VIETNAM participated in:
 Earth Summit on
Environment and
Development
in Rio de Janeiro, 1992
 World Summit on
Sustainable
Development
in Johannesburg, 2002
VIETNAM - SIGNATORY TO:
1 Rio Declaration on Environment and
Development
2 Agenda 21
3 Statement of principles for the Sustainable
Management of Forests
4 United Nations Convention on Biological
Diversity
5 United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change
6. Johannesburg declaration on SD
...
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
and…
Commitments to the implementation
of sustainable development at
national and local levels
INSTITUTION: POLICIES
 Series of policies issued, creating legal basis
for sustainable development implementation
 Sustainable development view-points
heavily emphasised:
“Socio-economic development is closely combined
with the protection and improvement of
environmental resources, ensuring a harmony
between the artificial environment and the natural
one, to maintain biodiversity“
(National 5 year socio-economic development plan
2006-2010)
INSTITUTION: POLICIES
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INSTITUTION: POLICIES
2010: Luật Sử dụng năng lượng tiết kiệm và hiệu quả; Luật Khoáng sản (sửa đổi);
Luật Thuế bảo vệ môi trường; Chương trình quốc gia phát triển công nghệ cao
đến năm 2020; Quy chế về quản lý, thực hiện chương trình hỗ trợ pháp lý liên
ngành dành cho doanh nghiệp giai đoạn 2010- 2014; Quyết định về việc thành lập
Ban Chỉ đạo biên soạn xây dựng Chương trình giảm nghèo bền vững thời kỳ 2011
– 2020; Chương trình Mục tiêu Quốc gia về xây dựng nông thôn mới giai đoạn
2010 – 2020; Chương trình Quốc gia "Nâng cao năng suất và chất lượng sản
phẩm, hàng hóa của doanh nghiệp Việt Nam đến năm 2020"; Chương trình hỗ trợ
pháp lý liên ngành dành cho doanh nghiệp giai đoạn năm 2010-2014; Chương
trình rà soát quy hoạch xây dựng nông thôn mới; Chương trình Hành động quốc
gia khắc phục hậu quả bom mìn sau chiến tranh giai đoạn 2010-2025.
2011: Chương trình Khoa học và công nghệ trọng điểm cấp nhà nước giai đoạn
2011-2015 (Khoa học và công nghệ phục vụ Chương trình Mục tiêu quốc gia ứng
phó với biến đổi khí hậu); Chiến lược Quốc gia về biến đổi khí hậu; Chương trình
hỗ trợ ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu (SP-RCC); Thành lập Hội đồng Quốc gia về
biến đổi khí hậu.
2012: Danh mục các chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia giai đoạn 2012-2015; Chiến
lược Phát triển bền vững Việt Nam giai đoạn 2011-2020; Chiến lược tăng trưởng
xanh của Việt Nam thời kỳ 2011-2020 và tầm nhìn đến năm 2050 (dự thảo); Chiến
lược phát triển và sử dụng công nghệ sạch (dự thảo).
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INSTITUTIONS: POLICIES
Policies on:
i) Economic development
ii) Social development
iii) Nature conservation and environment
protection
iv) Hamonisation of three these pillars
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
Establishing:
 The National Council
of SD (2005, 2009)
 The SD office (2004)
 The Council/ Committee of SD and its
SD office in Sectors and locations
 Vietnam Business Council
for SD (VBCSD) (2010)
20 YEAR SD IMPLEMENTATION
i) "The strategic orientation
for sustainable
development in Vietnam,"
(Vietnam Agenda 21) in
August 2004.
- This is a framework plan
to realize the targets of
national sustainable
development in the 21st
century
20 YEAR SD IMPLEMENTATION
ii) "The strategic
orientation for the
sustainable
development of sectors
and locations
- Sectors: MARD,
MONRE, MOIT, MOC…
- Provinces
AGENDA 21 STRUCTURE
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
SD Implementation arrangemnets
i) The leading role of the
government:
 Institutional developemnt
 Improve environmental
management
 Integrate financial resources
 Develop M&E system
 Raise public awareness
 Formulate sectoral & local
SD action plans
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INTERGRATING/MAISTREAMING
i) Localising Global
Agenda 21 in National
conditions
ii) Integrating SD
objectives into:
 Strategies
 Plannings
 Plans
 Programmes of
sectors, locations
to Implement
www.themegallery.com
Harmonisation of :
- Economic,
- Social and
- Environmental
objectives
LOGO
Involve the whole society in SD
“People know, people discuss,
people do and pepole monitor”
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INTELLECTUAL & SCIENTIFIC
PARTICIPATION
1. Supply scientific foundations for
SD decision-making and
implementation
2. Consultations, discussions,
recommendations to improve SD
policies, monitoring SD
implementation process:
3. Research & Development (R&D),
supplying science-technology
services to realising SD
objectives in practice,
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
VIETNAM ASSOCIATION FOR CONSERVATION OF
NATURE & ENVIRONMENT
Until August, 2011, the number of member associations
and affiliated facilities has been up to 150, including
many different localities and fields
RIO + 20 and Our Actions
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
ACTIVITY FIELDS WITH PROMINENT
COMPLETED PROJECTS
 Consultancy and social review in the fields of nature
conservation and environmental protection
 Scientific research and technology innovation on
environmental protection and sustainable development,
and practical applications
 Development and popularization of the models on
Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development
 Publication of journals, magazines film production and
photo contests on the environment
 Education and training on environmental protection &
sustainable development
 Communications and raising public awareness
 Review and grant the Prize for the cause of environmental
protection
 Vietnam Heritage Tree Conservation Event
 International cooperation on environmental protection
NGOs
- Some 4000 NGOs
- Activities mainly at
community level,
especially in
countryside
www.themegallery.com
- Poverty reduction &
community
development
- Community-based
climate change
response; disaster
prevention, response
& mitigation
- Sanitation and health
care…
LOGO
Network VNNGOs & CC (SRD)
 30 E-Bulletin in the website CCWG
and VNGO&CC;
 6,500 Newsletters;
 Data base on CC projects, experts,
documents, references, budgets,
training opportunities….
 03 training courses for 15 key
trainers from NGO/CBOs
 19 Training courses for 567 pepole
of 50 NGOs and other partners;
 5 modules of community based
Adaptation to CC;
 A set of 5 manuals, guidelines for
raising public awareness and
adaptation to CC
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
TEENAGERS & YOUNG PEOPLE
 Go-Green
 Summer of
Volunteers
 350 (ppm)
 26 (degree)
 Becoming
vice-chairmen
in remote
communes…
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE
 Multilateral organizations: WB, ADB, UNDP,
IUCN, …; and
Bilateral organizations: SIDA (Sweden),
DANIDA (Denmark), JICA (Japan),
GTZ/GIZ (Germany), Finaid, Holland, US,
France…
actively support Vietnam in sustainable development
 Sustainable development contents are closely
integrated into cooperative strategies of all
donors/partners/investors
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
in the context of climate change
 Hope to mobilise around US
$9.1 billion of assistance from
the international community to
overcome CC serious
challenges.
Develop policies and
machanisms for
promoting
international cooperation
 The country so far has received
US $1.28 billion via 21
programs and projects.
 Other 11 projects, worth US
$1.3 billion, are under
negotiation.
Support Programs on Response to CC in VN
UN-REDD VIETNAM
 Phase 1: 2009-2012
- 4.4 million USD
- In Lam Dong province
 Phase 2: from 2012
- 100 million USD
- 6 provinces
- Institutional capacity
building for
42 provices
www.themegallery.com
Company Logo
ACHIEVEMENTS
&
WEAKNESSES
ACHIEVEMENTS AND WEAKNESS
NATIONAL
CONFERENCES ON
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT:
 First:
12.2004
 Second:
5.2006
 Third:
1.2011
1. ECONOMIC PILLAR
The national economy grew fast, expanding 7.85 %
per cent annually on average (2000-2008) and 5.78
(2011). In 2011, Vietnam's per capita gross
domestic product (GDP) fetched $1,300, and the
economic structure shifted in a positive direction.
1. ECONOMIC PILLAR
However,
the
achievements
are
not
commensurate with the nation's potential and
the economic development is unsustainable. The
growth quality, productivity, efficiency and
competitiveness of the national economy is low,
while macro-economic balances are not stable.
Economic
growth
remains
dependent
on
extensive development factors and slowly
shifting into intensive development.
The status of the market economy, the quality of
human resources and infrastructure remain
hindrances to the country's development
2. SOCIAL PILLAR
The nation recorded significant
cultural and social achievements
in many aspects, particularly
poverty
reduction,
education
development, health care, job
creation, improved people’s living
conditions …
Some cultural and social
weaknesses were slowly
surmounted,
- Poverty incidence unsustainable
- ...
…
9.45
3. ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR
 The legal and policy framework has gradually
been framed and completed and now
supports environmental protection and socioeconomic development in Vietnam more
effectively.
 The awareness of environmental protection
among the public and managers has been
considerably
raised,
the
levels
of
environmental pollution, degradation and
accidents have been gradually reduced nature conservation has made a remarkable
progress.
 These
achievements
have
contributed
significantly to improving the living standard
of people and to ensuring a sustainable
development of the country.
3. ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR
However:
 The country’s environmental
quality continues to degrade in
many places, especially in
urban areas, coastal zones,
river basins and craft villages
 Public awareness and
administrative system capacity
is still low
 Shortcomings in law
enforcement and policy
implementation…
INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS
 1991: International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from
Ships
 1993: Member of IUCN
 1994: Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species,CITES; Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the
Ozone Layer; Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone
Layer; United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS;
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC;
CBD.
 1995: Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movement
of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal.
 1998: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification ,
UNCCD, Kyoto Protokol
 1999: International Declaration on Cleaner Production
 2000: Millennium Development Goals; Population strategy.
 2002: Johannesburg declaration on Sustainable development
 2006: WTO
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS
Việt Nam has accurately and
successfully implemented these
commitments:
- Appointing focal points (appropriate
ministries) for implementation
arrangement;
- Promulgating: policies, action plans,
target programme to implement
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS
MDGs
2/3 of the way to achieving the MDGs
- Reducing poverty:
9,45
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS
MDGs
-Malaria: decreased by 83%
(during 15 years)
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
SECTORAL & LOCAL AGENDA 21
Sectors and localities (provinces and cities)
have formulated and implement their own
Agenda 21 to confirm their activities towards
sustainable development in reference to the
major directions given in the Socio-economic
Development Strategy and the Strategic
Orientation
Sustainable
Development
in
Vietnam
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
FUTURE SD ORIENTATION
How will the lessons translate into action
during the next 10 years?
 Vietnam's view of development,
which has been shown in its 20112020 socio-economic development
strategy, is that rapid development
must be linked to sustainability.
 Rapid development and
sustainable development must go
together in socio-economic
development planning and policies.
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
3.1. Challenges for future SD
1. Economic, energy and food crisis
2. Climate change
3. Degradation of natural resources (water,
soil, biodiversity)
4. Environmental pollution:
- The consequences of war (bombs and dioxins)
- From socio-economic development
5. Low-effectiveness and wasteful production
and consumption
GREEN GROWTH STRATEGY
KINH TẾ XANH
GREEN GROWTH STRATEGY
GREEN GROWTH
A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE
ECOMOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Strategy objective
The strategy aimed to restructure and
change the country's growth model,
effectively using natural resources to
increase the competitiveness of the
economy, create jobs and improve
people's living standards, while coping with
climate change and contributing to efforts
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
GREEN GROWTH
The Green Growth Strategy in Vietnam
is a method of accelerating the process of
economic restructuring towards the more
efficient use of natural resources, reducing
greenhouse gas emissions through research
and the application of modern technologies,
developing infrastructure to improve the
entire efficiency of the economy, coping with
climate change, contributing to poverty
reduction, and driving economic growth in a
sustainable manner.
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
GREEN GROWTH
The strategy
would help Viet
Nam reduce
energy
consumption by
three per cent
per GDP per
year by 2020,
www.themegallery.com
while greenhouse
gas emissions
would drop by
10-15 per cent
compared with
2010.
LOGO
GREEN GROWTH
Three main tasks have been identified:
i) Adopting green production by fostering the
efficiency of existing industries together with
environmental manufacturing;
ii) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions while
increasing renewable energy use;
ii) Changing lifestyles and consumption for
sustainable development.
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
Institutional framework for sustainable
development
(Green economy in the context of
sustainable development and poverty
eradication)
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
2. IMPROVING INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM
Need for improved institutions:
a. SD in future should be the key content of the
long-term development strategy of VN in
which green growth is the centre
b. Institutional framework of SD should:
- Maintain harmonisation between three
pillars: economy, society and environment;
- Be appropriate to the Vietnamese
institutional system;
- Be consistent with best international
practices
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
2. IMPROVED INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM
Need for improved institutional
framework:
c. IF should be long-term, overcoming
unsystematic and short-sighted situations
d. Monitoring and evaluation system should
be developed and applied in practice
e. The SD council should be continuously
strengthened in order to fulfill its
important functions and responsibilities
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
7 CRITICAL ISSUES
 Jobs
 Energy
 Cities
 Food
 Water
 Oceans
 Disasters
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
PART 4
VIETNAM’S LESSONS LEARNED
IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTATION
LESSONS LEARNED
1. Strong political commitments
From the central to the grassroots level,
Vietnam is committed to implementing
sustainable development objectives, and
to achieving the MDGs. It has developed
an approach that mainstreams them into
national development strategies, plans
and programmes.
LESSONS LEARNED
2. Mobilising the active participation of
the wide range of social groups
Vietnam has been able to maximise the
mobilisation of all social groups in the
successful implementation of the
sustainable development goals and the
MDGs
LESSONS LEARNED
3. Integrating internal resources with
international assistance
Maximising the mobilisation of domestic
resources, attracting the participation and
active contribution of all social classes, and
mobilising and effectively utilising assistance
from international organisations, the
international community of donors and nongovernmental organisations
CONCLUSIONS
i) Vietnam has taken full advantage of
opportunities and favourable conditions to
overcome difficulties and challenges, especially te
negative impacts from the two regional and
global financial-economic crises, and has realised
impressive achievements. Vietnam last year
gained the status of a middle-income country.
Many key targets of the 10-year strategy were
fulfilled, such as reaching new development
levels in production and the consequences of
increased production.
ii) The central tasks in the coming years include
economic restructuring, growth model
renovation, fast and sustainable development.
www.themegallery.com
Company Logo
CONCLUSIONS
Basic solutions:
i) Continuing to improve institutional and governance
systems for SD
ii) Strengthening financial resources for SD;
iii) Raising public awareness of SD;
iv) Building capacity for SD management and
implementation;
V) Raising the role and responsibility, and strengthening
the participation of socio-civil organisations, the business
community, and NGOs in SD implementation;
vi) Developing human resources for SD;
vii) Strengthening the role and impacts of Science and
Technology;
viii) Strengthening International cooperation
www.themegallery.com
Company Logo