Transcript ppt - UNEP

UNEP
Programme
UNEP Responses to Climate Change
Climate Change: the defining challenge of our age
● It is no longer relevant to discuss whether our climate is changing, but rather
.
how fast changes
will occur (IPCC 4th AR)
● Economic costs to limit emissions will be significant, but lower compared to costs of
inaction (AR 4, Stern Report) – CC worse than financial crisis!
● Effective actions to address CC will need to include adaptation (prepare society to
the changes introduced by CC) and mitigation (reduce future CO2 emissions)
● UNEP’s strategy and climate change programme don’t prejudge current CC
negotiations. UNEP will adapt its programme 2010–11 reflecting future climate
agreements
Emilio Ereza | age fotostoc
UNEP’s long-term commitment to climate change
 UNEP has more than twenty years of work on CC
.
 It established the IPCC with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
in 1980s
 Concentrates efforts on reducing emissions by:
 supporting science and legal mechanisms
 promoting renewable energy & energy efficiency
 spurring development of a carbon market
 Promoting technology transfer
 Supports governments, private sector, and civil society
 UNEP’s CC Programme cuts accross all its divisions and pulls toghether
funds from multiple sources – CC is a priority
● UNEP complements its CC activities by cooperating with other UN
agencies
● Examples of cooperation:
 UNFCCC Secretariat – UNEP provides substantive work that
helps inform and support negotiation processes
 UNDP – UNEP pilots new and innovative approaches, develops
guidelines and blueprints, while UNDP “upscales” these initiatives
 UNICEF – UNEP provides information about youth and CC
 World Bank – UNEP plays an active role in the Forest Carbon
Partnership Facility and the Climate Investment Funds
 FAO-UNDP-UNEP – A collaborative partnership on REDD
 Work with the IPCC Secretariat is two-fold, with UNEP serving in
supporting and implementation roles
© Gloria Ip Tung / 14 years / China
Partnerships
UNEP’s responses: the climate change strategy
• Theme 1:
 Adaptation: adapting by building resilience to a changing
climate
• Theme 2:
© Paul Glendell / Still Pictures
 Mitigation: Facilitating a transition towards low carbon
societies
• Theme 3:
 Science: improving understanding of CC science
• Theme 4:
 Awareness raising: communicating and raising
awareness
Adapting by building resilience to a changing climate (1)
Adaptation
● UNEP’s work focuses on:

Assessing vulnerabilities and adaptation services of ecosystems

Helping to integrate those findings into national decision-making and
development planning (i.e. national strategies for poverty reduction)
Riparian Forest Programme /
Government of Paraná / Brazil

Helping to strengthen national institutional capacities on adaptation

Providing technical, analytical and policy support to major CC financing mechanisms
● Examples:

Global Climate Change Adaptation Network

Project to assess CC vulnerabilities in African countries & NAPAs

Poverty & Environment Initiative (with UNDP in Africa, Asia, Latin America & Europe)
Facilitating a transition towards low carbon societies (1)
Mitigation technology
● UNEP’s work focuses on:
 Supporting countries to undertake technical and economic renewable
energy & efficiency assessments to support their decisions
 Promote markets for cleaner energy technologies through supporting
development of national climate technology plans
 Establishing and supporting knowledge networks to inform and support key
stakeholders
 Promoting the use of macro-economic and sectoral analysis of costs and
benefits of different energy policy options
 Developing sustainability criteria for different types of biofuels
 Promoting public/private partnerships
● Example:
 Green Buildings Initiative (with private sector)
 Global Network on Energy for Sustainable Development
 Energy efficiency assessments in Brazil, China and South Africa
 Project to phase-out inefficient lighting technologies (with UNDP)
 Global biofuels partnership
© Joerg Boethling / Still Pictures
Mitigating by building resilience to a changing climate (2)
Land-use change and REDD
● UNEP’s work focuses on:
 Assisting countries in mapping and assessing land use
change, biodiversity, forest loss and carbon stocks
 Developing and testing tools for examining and modeling
GHG emissions and carbon stocks from deforestation, land
use change, forest and land cover degradation
 Helping countries to strengthen legal, regulatory and
institutional frameworks governing land use and forestry
 Organizing and facilitating major groups work in this field
● Example:
© Jim Zuckerman / Corbis
 Reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation
(UN-REDD) with FAO and UNDP – Global activities
Facilitating a transition towards low carbon societies (2)
Mitigation finance
● UNEP’s work focuses on:

Helping developing countries access the CDM

Assist removing barriers to financing clean energy technologies through technical and
economic analyses – change mind sets

Help financiers (public/private) create clean energy funds and advise them about
lending programmes for renewable energy – green investment

Create professional networks and related initiatives for banks, insurers, pension funds
and other financial institutions interested in supporting low-GHG investments

Indian Solar Loan Programme, Solar Water Heater Promotio (MEDREP, BALREP)

Technical support to African countries in the identification and design of CDM projects
● Example:
© Joerg Boethling / Still Pictures
Improving understanding of CC science
● UNEP’s work focuses on:
 Undertaking science-based assessments to increase awareness of CC, its
impacts and promoting integration of CC into policy-making
 Implementing capacity building programmes to help countries customize
CC data and scenarios to their needs
 Providing technical support and training for CC negotiators and
stakeholders
 Providing advisory and support services to major groups to demonstrate
how CC can be integrated into their activities
● Example:
 Global Glacier Changes: Facts and Figures (with World Glacier Monitoring
Service, 2008)
 Capacity building for developing country negotiators towards Copenhagen
– ongoing now!
Communicating and raising awareness
Information
● UNEP has been given the UN system lead for climate change outreach
● UNEP’s work focuses on:
 Develop strategic communications with the UNFCCC to convey a sense of
urgency in dealing with CC
 Use media and outreach activities to help deliver key messages on CC to
the media and other target groups
 Help communicate successful CC programmes to key stakeholders to
promote replication of best practices
 Conduct awareness raising, outreach, education and training for Major
Groups to promote climate awareness
● Examples:
 Targeted campaigns and events: Unite to Combat CC, Billion Tree
Campaign, Climate Neutral Network, World Environment Day, Paint for
the Planet
 Publications: Kick the Habit: A UN Guide to Climate Neutrality (2008); for
children: Ting and the Possible Futures (2008 )
The international negotiations: from Copenhagen to
Cancun
Copenhagen Accord- Key elements
.
• COP15 was
supposed to be the end of a two year process started in 2007 in Bali.
• COP15 resulted in a “Copenhagen Accord” a political deal. The COP took note on
the Accord. It provides for the continuation of the work under the two negotiations
tracks (AWG-LCA and AWC-KP) and through the Copenhagen Accord.
• However, it does not set global-mid term or long term reduction targets and it not a
legally binding Agreement.
• The Accord recognizes the need to limit the rise in global temperatures to 2 degrees.
• It include the commitment to list developed country economy-wide emission
reduction targets, and to list mitigation action by developing countries for 2020.
• In terms of finance, the Accord proposes to rise $30 billion for immediate action
through 2012 and $100 billion to be mobilized annually by 2020. It envisages setting
up a Copenhagen Green Climate Fund and a Technology Mechanism.
• It provides for the immediate establishment of mechanisms to support and mobilize
resources for technology transfer and REDD+.
The path to COP 16 in Cancun, Mexico
• May (31)
– June (11) 2010: Bonn, Germany Climate Change
.
Talks
• August 2010: 2-6 AWG-KP(13), AWG-LA (11) sessions in Bonn
• October 2010: 4-9 AWG sessions in Tianjin, China
• Cancun, Mexico, 29 Nov -10 Dec 2010
16th Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC (COP 16)
6th COP Serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto
Protocol (CMP 6)
Progress Towards Cancun: Status of negotiations:
President (Mexico) - negotiating text as basis for agreement.
Other Parties. - text unwieldy and process moving backwards.
UNFCCC Sec.: "package of decisions” successful outcome
Areas of Potential Agreement:
Adaptation
Technology
Financing (Green Fund)
REDD + readiness
Areas of Potential Disagreement:
KP future (and emerging architecture)
Mitigation targets (both Annex 1 and non Annex 1)
Measurement, Reporting and Verification of actions and finance
(source, scale of funds, the secretariat or trustee)
Divergent regional positions
UNEP’s Climate Change Website
http://www.unep.org/themes/climatechange/
To order or download UNEP’s Climate Change Strategy brochure please go to:
http://www.unep.org/pdf/UNEP_CC_STRATEGY_web.pdf
UNEP’s Climate Neutral Network
http://www.unep.org/climateneutral
Unite to Combat Climate Change
www.unep.org/UNite
Further readings:
UNEP and Partners: United to Combat Climate Change
http://www.unep.org/pdf/081127_POZNANBKL_web.pdf
Global Glacier Changes: Facts and Figures
http://www.grid.unep.ch/glaciers/pdfs/glaciers.pdf
All UNEP publications can be found under:
http://www.unep.org/publications/
United Nations Environment Programme
P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi, 00100 Kenya
Tel: (254 20) 7621234 - E-mail: [email protected]
THANK YOU!
Jimena Fernández
[email protected]
United Nations Environment Programme
P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi, 00100 Kenya
Tel: (254 20) 7621234 - E-mail: [email protected]