Transcript Material Security .(English)

2nd UK-JAPAN Workshop on Materials Security
12th July 2007, Southampton, UK
Material Security (MS)
Sustain quality of life for all of
Earth’s people through innovation
Division of Technology, Industry and Economics
UNEP - Mission
To provide leadership and encourage
partnership in caring for the
environment by inspiring, informing,
and enabling nations and peoples to
improve their quality of life without
compromising that of future
generations.
´Environment for Development´
UNEP – 3 roles
• Assess the State of the World’s
Environment & Understand Env.
Challenges (GEO);
• Stimulate solutions to environmental
problems
Promoting International
Environmental Law
Voluntary Initiatives
• Build capacity and networks to
enable implementing solutions
DTIE - Approach
Raise awareness
Identify & define
Build consensus
Exchange
information
Demonstrate projects
Build capabilities
What are we talking about?
Consuming and producing more efficiently
and differently ...
… and sharing
resources between
the rich and the poor.
The Challenge
I’d like to end poverty,
stop violence and racism,
and get rid of pollution.
Everyone should be equal.
I want to dress in the nicest clothes,
drive a great car, talk on the latest
mobile phone, and watch my brand new DVD
Global political context
• JPoI - Chapter II: Poverty Eradication
 Materials contributing to MDGs
• JPoI - Chapter III: Sustainable
Consumption and Production
 10 year framework on SCP/
Marrakech Process/ CSD 2010-2011
Material Security &
Food Security
• Materials Security
A situation in which materials are
available to sustain quality of life for all
• Food Security (FAO)
A situation in which food is available so
that people do not live in hunger or
fear of starvation
• Stages of Insecurity
Range from wealth with
food secure situations to
poverty with full-scale
famine
What proportion of global
resources have been used?
• Uncertainty over the answers
Surveys highlight significant concerns
since growing consumption levels place
increased demands on limited
resources
• Growing demand for metals and
minerals from emerging economies
Major pressures on global supply of
metals such as copper, iron and zinc
• Scarce resources may mean conflict
Example of civil war in the Democratic
Republic of Congo
What implies a sustainable
use of the global resources?
• Environmental impacts over the
full life cycle
Surveys highlight significant concerns
since growing consumption levels place
increased demands on limited
resources
• Growing impacts due to scarcer
resources
Major pressures on global supply of
metals such as copper, iron and zinc
• Material Security and climate change
15 recycled cans equal to 1 kg CO2
avoided
Current situation:
a quick assessment
• Productivity/efficiency gains being
overtaken by production increases
(rebound effects)
• Problems of production process
understood but those of the use and
disposal of a product still largely unknown
• New emerging sectors posing increasing
threats as well as new opportunities
• Environmental concerns not integrated
into economic and social programmes
• De-linking of economic growth from
environmental damage needed
Figure 1. Resource and material intensity of OECD economies, total use and intensity of
use relative to GDP, 1980-2020
250
Total use
Generation of municipal waste
Energy use
Water abstractions
Index, 1980 = 100
200
150
Intensity of use per GDP
Generation of municipal waste
Energy use
Water abstractions
100
50
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Absolute and relative
decoupling
Environmental
Kuznets Curve
Env’l
degra
dation
GDP
•
•
•
Largely, this trend can be seen in the history of
developed economies, particularly for air pollution.
Three main exceptions to this tends to be
municipal solid waste emission with GWP and
impacts on ecosystem life support functions.
The impacts of these tend to be too far removed in
space an time from those responsible to elicit any
change in behavior.
Decoupling Equation
I
=
i
x
m
x
u
(Total
(impact /
(kg /
(utility /
impact)
kg)
utility)
capita)
Strategies:
Transmaterial-
Dematerial-
Structural
isation
isation
Changes
x
P
(capita)
The need for resourceefficiency and innovation
• 3 R Initiative
Reuse
Reduce
Recycle
• Circular economy
Crucial role of China
• Responsibility for raw materials
and sustainable growth
G8 Heiligendamm
The idea of a scientific
Resource Panel by UNEP
•Provide independent scientific advice to
national governments and relevant international
organizations on:
– Key environmental impacts of the extraction and use
of natural resources in a life cycle perspective, and
– Strategies and approaches to reduce these impacts
in growing economies by ‘doing more with less’
•Support for the enhancement of scientific
knowledge and for capacity building in
developing countries
•Contribute to Marrakech process, CSD
discussion in 2009-2010 and 10 year framework
on Sustainable Consumption and Production
The ultimate goals and
expected benefits of a Panel
1. Increase resource efficiency and
decouple environmental impact
from economic growth
-> Relevant policies
2. Improve processes, products and
services
-> Business innovation
2. Enhance awareness and dialogue
on efficient resource use
-> Improved quality of life
Focus on selected material
flows and products …
… like recyclable metal
resources …
General Ferrous scrap (7204 other than 720449)
Heavy and other ferrous scrap (720449)
1,000
500
50
(in thousand t)
Europe
South
Korea
Japan
China
North
America
Other Asian
Countries
Oceania
South
America
… and their environmental
impacts …
Global
Biodiversity Toxicity
Warming & Land use
Water
quality
Food
++
+++
++
++
Non-Food
+
+
++
+
++
++
+++
+
+++
+
++
+
Impact
Resource
Minerals &
Metals
Fossil Fuels
Source:
Adapted
from N&M
… in a life cycle perspective
Source: IAI
Tentative structure
Decision on
focus areas
Board
Up to 20
members
Secretariat
Scientific
advice
WG 1
Panel
WG 2
Up to 20
scientists
WG 3
The way forward
• Expert workshop on 25 September
2007 in Tokyo, Japan
In conjunction with OECD-Japan Seminar on
Material Flows and Resource Productivity, 2627 September 2007
• Inaugural Panel
Tentatively scheduled for autumn
 Linking to UK Japan collaboration
on Materials Security!
For more information:
Secretariat
SCP Branch, UNEP DTIE,
Paris, France
http://www.unep.fr/sustain
Email: [email protected]