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Climate Change: A Primer on Carbon Offsets and Trading Mark van Soestbergen ICBE Cypress Swamp Cafe Dec 12, 2007 What does this Change in Climate mean? We are here Temperatures are projected to rise an additional 2 – 5°C in the 21st Century Summer Arctic Sea Ice 1979 2000 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center What does this Change in Climate mean? http://www.climatechoices.org/ne/ What does this Change in Climate mean? “Many of the world's climate zones may disappear by 2100, leaving new ones in their place unlike any that exist today” “..we are going to be seeing climates that certainly are completely outside the range of modern human experience.." 26 March Scientific American article 27 March Guardian article 27 March IOL Reuters article Summers will be scorchers These maps show the projected increase in average daily July heat index relative to the present. The largest increases are in the southeastern states, where the Canadian model projects increases of more than 25°F. Florida - Reversal of summer-wet, winter-dry - Brand new animal, plant and human disease vectors - Sea level rise - Super storms Expected sea level increase 21st Century: ~ 1.2 meter Featured, Treasure Island + 1 meter Featured, St. Petersburg + 1.25 meter Featured, Tampa + 1.5 meter Yikes, Climate Change! What to do? Nothing - Adapt - Engage - Man invents the Kyoto Protocol! The Kyoto Protocol (KP) sets legally binding emissions targets for a basket of six greenhouse gases (GHG) for Annex I countries2. Together, they must reduce their emissions by 5.2% below 1990 levels over the commitment period 2008-2012. Rich leads, poor follows The Kyoto Protocol allows for project-based transactions in the form of Joint Implementation (JI) in Annex I countries, and for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in non-Annex I countries. It also allows for direct emission trading between Annex I countries. JI, CDM, IET Kingdom of Morocco Ministry of Land-Use Management, Water and the Environment The First Carbon Exhibition in North Africa and Middle East Region Djerba, 22-24 September 2004 Moroccan CDM projects Energy Efficiency projects faouzi senhaji GERERE [email protected] CD4CDM Project ONE-Street lighting project Project description Technical features : – Installed capacity : 3 MW (15,000 x 200 W) – Expected saving : 3 GWh / yr (200 W bulbs to replace 250 W bulbs) – Components : 15,000 LCB of 200 W & PM Financial issues : – Total cost of the project : US $ 0.5 million (Cost per bulb: US $ 27.3) – Timing : – Starting date : 2005 – Crediting period : 2006-2015 The first Carbon exhibition in North Africa and Middle East region – Djerba, September 22-24, 2004 Gasoline is 85.5% carbon 1 gallon of conventional gasoline becomes 172 cubic feet / 4.87 cubic meters of CO2 To sustain one person, the United States produces 20 tonne of CO2 per year. The atmosphere now holds 30% more carbon than a century ago. Human emission rate in billion tC/yr 8 equilibrium Earth absorption rate in billion tC/yr 4.7 time de-carbonization pathway Latent atmospheric Carbon is about 188 billion ton Recommended links: http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/products/vis/gallery/index.html http://www.vets.ucar.edu/vg/categories/globalchange.shtml http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NPP/npp.html http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/em_cont.htm http://climatechange.unep.net/jcm/ http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/index.htm Mark van Soestbergen [email protected] 352 367 1144 tel 352 335 9140 fax Toward Climate Stability™