Transcript World War I on the Home Front

World War I on the Home Front
Ch 6.2
Monday, March 12, 2012
• Daily Goals:
• Understand how WWI brought upon changes in
American society.
• Ch 6.1 Notes Analysis• Trace the causes of America’s entry in WWI using
your notes.
Johnny grab your gun!
• Progressives did not like the idea of
Conscription (military draft).
• Instead Congress enacted the Selective
Service Act requiring all men 21-30 to register
and they were drafted randomly by lottery.
The War Machine
• The gov’t created the War Industries Board
(WIB) to control the flow of raw materials,
build new factories, and set prices.
Soldiers need to eat!
• The Food Administration encouraged
Americans to conserve or “Hooverize” their
meals to save food for the War.
• People grew Victory Gardens to leave more
food for the troops.
Wars are Expensive!
• Victory Bonds helped pay for the war.
• Congress also raised income taxes to fund the
war.
The War Economy
• National War Labor Board (NWLB) settled
labor disputes to keep the economy running
smoothly.
• Helped workers get higher pay and 8 hr day.
Moving North
• Great Migration- many African Americans
moved North during the War for jobs.
• Mexicans also moved North to fill the labor
shortage.
The War of Public Opinion
• The Committee on Public Information (CPI) is
established to get people behind the war.
• The CPI’s four-minute men gave millions of
pro-war speeches to maintain public support
for the war.
Espionage Act
• made criticizing the gov’t and the war illegal.
• What is the clock
symbolic of?
Fuel Administration
• Supported the war by:
• Increasing fuel production.
• Encouraging energy conservation-Daylight
Savings.
• How does this
cartoon portray
Germans?
Anti-German Sentiment
• German-Americans were mistreated and
persecuted.
• HamburgerSalisbury Steak
• SauerkrautLiberty Cabbage
• German classes and music banned in Schools.
Discussion Questions
• The 1st amendment states: “Congress shall
make no law…[restricting] freedom of
speech…”
• So why can’t you yell fire in a crowded movie
theater? Or yell bomb on a plane?
Schenck v US
•
•
•
•
Sent anti-war messages to draftees.
Arrested under Espionage Act
Argued his 1st amendment was violated.
Supreme Court said his speech was not
protected because it created “clear and
present danger.”