Transcript History of European Music from 1400- 1850 by Noah

Presented by Noah Lockette
• Notation
• Mode of scripting music
• Tone (tonality)
• Study of sound and its qualities
• Sonata/Opera/Cantana/Oratorio/Concerto/Sonatas
• Types of musical performances
• Chord
• Stacked notes to create full sound (more than one note at once)
• Dynamics
• Abrupt shifts in volume and intonation
• Homophony
• A musical pattern in which two or more parts move with one another in harmony
• Polyphony
• Musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodies
• Inspired by ideas of God and Humanism
• Little to minimal notation or tonality
• No major composers nor performers
• Dominated by troubadours and minstrels
• Music acted as public domain: anyone could play any song
• Difficult to identify and find – mostly ad-libbed ballads or poems set
to basic melodies
• Baroque/Rococo
• 1600 - 1760
• Classical
• 1730 - 1820
• Romantic
• 1780 - 1910
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Johann Sebastian Bach
George Frideric Handel
Antonio Vivaldi
Georg Philipp Telemann
Johann Pachelbel
Ludwig Van Beethoven
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Richard Wagner
Johannes Brahms
Franz Schubert
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Sergei Rachmaninoff
Pyotr Llyich Tchaikovsky
Franz Liszt
Igor Stravinsky
Gustav Mahler
Joseph Haydn
Claude Debussy
Felix Mendelssohn
Robert Schumann
Niccolò Paganini
Baroque- Portuguese (barroco) for misshapen pearl
• Architecture valued extreme ornamentation
• Music followed suit
• First conception of tonality
• Valued elaborate compositions
• Created the modern notation of music
• Set music to tonic destinations- created pitches and chords
• Increased use of polyphony
• Developed the modern musical techniques and split music to genres
• Set up instrumentation for full orchestras
• Valued intricate ornamentation
• Organized music into specific suites:
• Partita, Sonata, Overture (etc.)
• Germany dominated baroque music
• Most major composers and ideas came from Germany
• Popularized extreme dynamics and increased use of chords
• Created new balance between layering of separate patterns and
sections
• Rococo period comes late Baroque
• Insignificant changes to music
• Drastic change in format caused by Enlightenment ideals
• Majored in “Galant Music”
• Fashionable style favoring homophony
• Emphasized elegance over the serious grandeur of Baroque
• Grandly increased size of orchestra
• Piano replaced harpsichord for the first time
• Nobles and Monarchs became primary patrons
PROCRASTINATION:
• Light, minimalistic texture
• Less complex
• Simpler than Baroque, but not easier
• Increasingly Homophonic
• Abandoned monophony
• Use of dramatic dynamics
• Prominent flow of melody
• Movement to homophonic style made chords
more prevalent
• Tonal structure became considerably more
audible
• Musical progression due to Industrial and scientific
revolutions
• Heavily influenced by the aristocratic social and
political norms
• Music emphasized intense emotion and colorful
tone
• Often associated with liberalistic and radical
ideas
• E.T.A. Hoffmann’s review of Beethoven’s 5th
symphony identified the fusion of ideas that
created the ideals of romantic music
• Female composers became more rare in this era
than usual
• Female compositions were more commonly seen in smaller
recitals than larger performances
• The compositions became more and more expressive
• Piano became the titular instrument of many works
• Artistic ideals increased
• Inspiration was taken from art and literature as well as human relationships
and nature
• Popular spontaneity created new subgenre - Impromptu
• New, expansive symphonies and virtuosic piano music as well as dramatic
operas and passionate fantasies
• Musical salons were held as a form of commercialism and musical revolutions
Fugue from violin sonata in G minor
- Johann Sebastian Bach
Sonata in F Major for Violin and Viola
- Joseph Haydn
Ave Maria
- Franz Schubert
Czardas
- Vitrorio Monti