Transcript DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCIES or COOPERATION

DEVELOPMENT
COOPERATION AGENCIES
or
COOPERATION NETWORKS?
Vikas NATH
Head – Media and Communications
South Centre, Geneva
www.SouthCentre.org
Inter-Governmental Organisation of
over 50 Developing Countries
Algeria, Angola, Barbados, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cape Verde, China, Cote de Ivoire, Cuba, Egypt,
Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Korea DPR, Liberia, Libya, Malawi,
Malayasia, Mali, Mauritius, Micronesia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Nambia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Serbia,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Suriname, Tanzania, Uganda, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zimbabwe
« You mean, that your view of the
world, your ideology about an
unregulated financial market,
was not right, it was NOT
working? »
« Absolutely, precisely. You know
that’s the precisely the reason I was
shocked, because I have been going
for 40 years or more with the very
considerable evidence that it was
working exceptionally well. »
Alan GREENSPAN
former Chairman of US Federal
Reserve
• Honest acknowledgment of things not
working in the financial markets.
• Yet institutions and agencies do not
« LEARN » and INNOVATE» fast enough,
and dangerously become part of the
problem instead of part of the solution.
Development Agencies
who undertake
Development Cooperation
to achieve certain
Development Goals
using
Certain Tools and Methods
Development Agencies
Traditional Bilateral Agencies
Swiss, Swedes, Canadians, Dutch, Norwegians, Spanish,
British, US…
Multilateral Agencies and Banks
UN Agencies, Bretton Woods (WB/IMF), Regional Banks….
Funds and Foundations
Global Fund (on AIDS, TB, Malaria), Climate Adaptation Fund
New / Non-Traditional Development Agencies
– EU+ Countries (Lithuania, Slovenia, Estonia,
Slovakia.……..)
Emerging Economies (Brazil, India, China, South Africa,
China, Gulf…..)
Development Cooperation Rainbow
Color
Type
Who Gets It?
RED
Ideological Aid
Foreign and Trade
Ministries
ORANGE
Commercial Aid
Trade Ministry
YELLOW
Pilot Projects
NGOs and GOs
GREEN
Environmental Aid
Inter-Ministerial
BLUE
Solidarity Aid
Head of State
PURPLE
Humanitarian Aid
NGOs and Affected
Parties
Development Goals
Based on priorities of development agencies
• Africa Development
• Trade
• Climate Change
• Good Governance
• Private Sector Development
• Human Rights
Tools and Methods
•
•
•
•
•
•
Research
Policy Advice
Pilot Projects
Training and Capacity Building
Networking
Assistance in Negotiations between North
and South (UN, UNFCCC, WTO, WHO…)
Existing and Emerging
Global Challenges
We are at a Crucial Juncture:
one global crisis after other….
Food Crisis, Financial Crisis, Climate Crisis,
Unemployment Crisis…
• The Old World Order is weakening
• The New World Order has not fully formed
« There is a danger of the old world
resurrecting and interfering with the
transformational processes of the present »
Finding Solutions?
• Best-Shot Method (one country provides the
solution)
Global Positioning System, Cure of HIV/AIDS
• Weakest-Link (one country decides not to create
global problem)
Eradication of Polio, Drugs Trade
• Aggregation Method (Several Countries Network to
provide solution)
Internet, Climate Stability, Food Security, Financial
Stability
NETWORKED COOPERATION
IS A MUST
• No one country or agency can provide
all the solutions.
• More and more solutions require
participation of more and more
countries.
Cost of Inaction > Cost of Networked Cooperation
Development Agencies
• OECD / DAC Framework (Paris Declaration)
(Bringing together traditional + EU+ Agencies)
• South – South Cooperation Framework
(China-Africa Forum (FOCAC), IBSA Network)
• Development Cooperation Forum
(UN/ECOSOC, 2007 Initiative) to bring
together traditional and non-traditional
agencies.
Development
Cooperation Rainbow
RED
Ideological Aid
HAPPENING BUT
NOT GOOD
ORANGE
Commercial Aid
YELLOW
Pilot Development
Projects
HAPPENING BUT
NOT GOOD
NOT HAPPENING
GREEN
Environmental Aid
BLUE
Solidarity Aid
PURPLE
Humanitarian Aid
HAPPENING BUT
NOT ENOUGH
HAPPENING BUT
NOT ENOUGH
HAPPENING AND IS
GOOD
Development Goals
Gradual Alignment is happening in
development goals but little action is being
taken up:
• Millennium Development Goals
•Climate Change
•Extreme Poverty Eradication
•Digital Divide
•……..
Tools and Methods ?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Research
Policy Advice
Pilot Projects
Training and Capacity Building
Networking
Assistance in Negotiations between North
and South (UN, UNFCCC, WTO, WHO…)
Research
Eg: www.gdnet.org
Networking (Institutions)
www.globalknowledgepartnership.org
Networking (Individuals)
www.solutionexchange-un.net.in
Research and Policy Advice
www.insouth.org
INNOVATIVE NETWORKS
North – South
South – South or North-South-South
New Diplomacy or Diplomacy 2.0
Eg: CLIMATE CHANGE
• Climate Change is an Economic and
Environmental issue.
• Country Delegations on Climate Change
are drawn from trade specialists, lawyers,
development experts, environmentalists….
……..in form of inter-agency groups. This
cannot happen without Cooperation
Networks.
ADVANTAGES
• Everyone can contribute. You do not have
to be rich to provide cooperation to others.
(Julius Nyerere: if you cannot share your
wealth, share your poverty)
• Everyone can understand how they are
creating the problem and be a part of the
solution.
• Allows « ALTERNATIVE » Views
LIMITATIONS
• Unwilling to Network
• Network within Agencies or like-minded
Agencies only
• Agencies not ready for shift from
traditional North - South Power Dynamics
• …………..
Where does that lead to?
Thomas KUHN: Structure of Scientific Revolution
(1962)
Science evolves through alternating « normal »
and « revolutionary » phases.
Normal Phase: Puzzle Solving- within familiar
science or existing paradigm
Revolutionary Phase: Thinking outside of familiar
science or out of box thinking ……
…. PARADIGM SHIFT IN
DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION
• Can NOT look for solutions to existing
problems within existing paradigms
that created it.
• Development Cooperation no longer
remains a Foreign Affair but an InterAgency Affair.
• Transformation Thinkers in
Development Cooperation.
Thank You
www.VikasNath.org