Transcript Linking local data to regional effects

Regional issues, local impacts
ESA/GMES-GATO
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop
Frank McGovern and Brendan Kelly
Environmental Protection Agency,
Ireland
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Introduction
• Apologies
– Policy support
– Access
– Advantages/Disadvantages 2nd Day
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Scope & Content
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EPA Ireland
Current monitoring/reporting
Air quality issues in Ireland
New developments and efficiencies
Real time air quality data provision
Future products from remote sensing and models
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Environmental Protection Agency
– Statutory Role (Environmental protection, licensing,
enforcement, monitoring, reporting wrt protocols, policy
advice, etc)
– Actions Protocol/Policy Driven! (Kjetil Torseth –
legislation and conventions important…Frank Raes –
general focus on actions required under protocols or
policy!)
– Distribution of environmental research funding in
Ireland (ERTDI programme)
– National Environmental Research Centre of Excellence
– ICED FIRE: Integrated Climate changE Database for
IREland (…Brief digression!)
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
ICED FIRE
• A system to
– Store the large amount of data relevant to
climate change in Ireland
– Access and retrieve datasets, efficiently, easily
– Analyse data and produce models of climate
change issues
– Disseminate climate change information to
various categories of end-user: EPA,
DOE&LG, Irish and International Research
Community, Public
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
ICED FIRE
• Quality assured data and targeted scientific
analysis to inform both National policy and
International negotiations on climate change issues
• Analysis of areas relevant to Kyoto commitments
(approaching 2nd commitment period)
• Promote understanding of climate change issues
• Provide clear rationale for potentially difficult and
expensive strategies to mitigate climate change
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
ICED FIRE
Benefits of Integration
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Data available at “one-stop-shop”
Synergy from different datasets being co-located
Standardised formats and QA/QC
Customised “products” available for different endusers
• Increased communication & co-ordination
• Data gathering needs clearer
• Paul Monk’s DÉJÀ VU??? (GMES-satellites)
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Environmental Protection Agency
• Actions Protocol/Policy Driven!
– (Kjetil Torseth – legislation and conventions
important…Frank Raes – general focus on actions
required under protocols or policy!)
– UNFCCC/Kyoto
– CLRTAP
– Air Quality Framework Directive (improve where poor,
maintain where good)
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Framework Directive on air quality: Zones
Four national air quality zones based on: population, area,
current air quality (SO2, PM10, O3, NOx, Pb, CO,
Benzene)
Designated zones:
1.
Greater Dublin area
2.
Cork City
3.
Smaller urban areas (non-contiguous) – mobiles
4.
Rest of the country
Annual report to EC (McGovern and McGettigan, 2001),
immediate report of certain exceedances, reports on trends
e.g. Ozone…AOT40
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Existing monitoring sites
Good location – Background
North Atlantic, but influenced
by mainland Europe, US etc
*Mace Head – GAW
Background site, (AEROCE,
GAGE, AGAGE, etc, GHGs,
CFCs, inverse modellingSimonds, Ciais et al.)
*Valentia – Irish Met Service
(GAW regional site, Long
time series, Radiation, UV,
ozonesondes, pheno gardens)
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Air Quality Issues
Dominance of mid-latitude North Atlantic westerly air flows
means that air quality in Ireland is generally good …but
there are some problems:
• Background levels of pollutants are low (except Ozone)
– Spring/Summer peaks close to or above eco-system protection
threshold, most exceedances occur on the west coast (depressed
by NOx?)
• Traffic emissions are high in congested city locations
– Heating can be a significant sources for PM in certain areas (ban
on coal in Dublin improved situation, but other areas still use
“smoky” fuels)
• Easterly conditions bring high levels of pollutants to
Ireland from other European areas.
– These are considered to contribute to exceedances of PM limit
values
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Integration of data and analysis of issues
120
(A)
PM10 Cork
-3
PM10 Concentration (µg m )
140
100
80
60
40
20
0
01-Jan-01
02-Mar-01
01-May-01
30-Jun-01
29-Aug-01
28-Oct-01
12
140
(A)
8
120
100
80
6
60
4
40
-2
3
Sulphate
PM10 Cork
10
2
0
01-Jan-01
20
02-Mar-01
01-May-01
30-Jun-01
29-Aug-01
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
28-Oct-01
0
27-Dec-01
Cork City PM10 (µg / m 3)
SO4 Concentration (µg/ m )
27-Dec-01
12
Regional/Local?
120
100
PM10 Dublin
8
80
6
60
4
40
2
20
-2
3
Sulphate
10
0
01-Jan-01
02-Mar-01
01-May-01
30-Jun-01
29-Aug-01
28-Oct-01
12
140
(C)
120
100
8
80
6
60
4
40
-2
3
Sulphate
PM10 Zone C
10
2
0
01-Jan-01
20
02-Mar-01
01-May-01
30-Jun-01
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
29-Aug-01
28-Oct-01
0
27-Dec-01
Zone C PM10 (µg / m 3)
SO4 Concentration (µg/ m )
0
27-Dec-01
Dublin Woodquay PM10 (µg / m 3)
SO4 Concentration (µg/ m )
(B)
Transboundary Pollution (CLTAP)
EMEP-related monitoring
Four sites: Valentia, Torlough hill, Ridge of Cappard,
Burren: Measured rainfall chemistry (full suite of ions), air (total
sulfate, SO2)
New EMEP strategy 2003EB.AIR/GE.1/2002/9
includes provision of data at key sites on:
•PM10, PM2.5 mass
•Full ion composition
•Particulate carbon/light scattering
•Size distribution
•Pollutant gases – designated “supersites”
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
New sites and transboundary pollution project
Objectives
– Meet current monitoring requirements
• Link to air quality measurements- targets
– Better geographical spread
• New sites on east coast, north of country, midland
• Keep + enhance key sites e.g. GAW sites
– Mace Head background sites, NUIG International Research Facility
– Valentia Observatory Regional site, Met Eireann, long-term site ecosystem
analysis
– Link to research (Very active GHG flux studies programme - South east,
Oak park central, Peatland site beside Valentia, Johnstown Castle, WX)
– Inland pollutant impacts studies
– Keep in touch with future regional developments in Europe and North
Atlantic, EC projects
– Provide policy relevant analyses in relation to Gothenburg Protocol
and Emissions Ceilings Directive. economic analysis, costs of
abatement strategies.
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
New sites
Development of Carnsore site
also seen as of interest for
studies of greenhouse gases
and ozone depleting
substances, e.g. application
and validation of inverse
modelling techniques such as
those applied to Mace Head
data.
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Real time air quality reporting
Ozone, SO2, NO2, PM10
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Real time air quality reporting
PM10
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Real time air quality reporting
Gases (O3, SO2, N2O)
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Future and useful products
• Further integrate data from EMEP and air quality sites
• New EMEP regime calls for enhanced measurements of PM10,
2.5, as well as ion composition, etc
• Link other available data e.g. remote sensing and modelling
• Analysis of exceedances and methods for avoidances of these
• Analysis of policy effectiveness (e.g. as Nat. Emissions Ceilings
directive is implemented throughout Europe – does this improve
situation in Ireland?
• Forecasting, issuing warnings to population e.g. high PM10
• Pollutant distribution maps (Ozone, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 (not a
major problem), NO2 (problem in cities…)
• Deposition maps link to GIS showing sensitive areas
• Analyses of scope and range of events (Regional events?)
• Participation in PROMOTE (Albert Goede, ESA/GMES Ser.Ele)
• Strengthen data links with other EAs, INSPIRE, etc.
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Last thoughts…
• Ireland – good location for atmospheric chemistry
research, monitoring
• Good potential for contributing to “ground-truthing”
• Need to enhance analysis, mapping and modelling
capability
• Regional-scale satellite-derived products clearly of
importance
• Interested in what types of data on what pollutants
can reliably be provided and at what concentration
level, temporal and spatial resolution?
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006
Thank you.
ERTDI Programme
2000 - 2006