Transcript natural resources

NATURAL RESOURCES
Lesson 3
Non- Renewable Natural
Resources
Review – What’s a Non-Renewable Natural
Resource?
Non-renewable resources are
natural resources that are
gone when they are used
once.
Metals such as gold,
iron, and nickel are
non-renewable.
Once all the gold
has been taken from
the ground, it is
finished. BUT,
metals can be
recycled and reused over and over
again
Fossil fuels such as
coal and oil are nonrenewable. Once
we have taken all
the oil from the earth
and burned it to
create energy, that’s
it! No more oil!
Also, these fossil
fuels are very
damaging to the
environment when
burned to make
energy.
Minerals
Salt is an example of a nonmetallic mineral.
Minerals are some of our most
important non- renewable
resources. Minerals are
categorized as metallic
minerals, non-metallic
minerals, structural
minerals, and fossil fuels.
Oil, natural gas, and coal are
examples of fossil fuels.
This crushed stone is a
structural mineral used in
building. Structural minerals
are a sub-group of non-metallic
minerals.
Metallic minerals – metals are
found in rocks called “ores”
e.g. “iron ore”.
READ THE CHART AND WEB ON PAGE 220.
OIL!
In the modern world we depend on products
that come from oil.
How was oil formed? Oil was formed from the
ancient remains of plants and animals
buried deep underground.
How do we get oil products?
1.
Scientists locate oil deposits – this is
very difficult and expensive
2.
Oil companies drill down to the oil
deposit to make an oil well
3.
The “crude oil” is transported to an “oil
refinery”
4.
At the oil refinery, the crude oil is
divided into parts that we can use
5.
The oil products are transported to
other factories or locations to be sold
The whole process is very expensive
An oil well
on land
An oil well at
sea. This one
has caught
fire…it’s very
dangerous
work!
OIL!
Oil refineries
divide crude oil
into parts that we
can use.
Oil tankers can
transport
millions of
barrels of oil!
Oil producing
regions
become very
wealthy e.g.
Left –
Calgary,
Alberta
Right –
Saudi Arabia
Products From Oil
We make many products in the
modern world from crude
oil. The largest percentage
is used as gasoline in cars
and other vehicles but there
are many other uses.
Copy the diagram.
Problems with oil…#1
IT WILL RUN OUT ONE DAY
Oil is non-renewable so eventually we will run out of
it. It’s not clear when oil will run out, but now we
use 85 million barrels of oil each day. By 2030 we
may be using 113 million barrels each day.
If or when the world runs out of oil, it will mean huge
changes in the way we live. For example,
imagine a world with millions of cars but no
gasoline. All the cars would be useless. So,
scientists are looking for new ways to power
vehicles using renewable, clean energy sources.
One way to do this is to use liquid hydrogen to
power an electric motor which runs the car.
Hydrogen is very plentiful and the only thing to
come out of the exhaust pipe would be water! So
it would be clean. The Honda Clarity is a
hydrogen powered electric car sold in California.
Maybe it’s the way of the future.
The Honda Clarity uses
liquid hydrogen to power
an electric engine. It’s
clean and it doesn’t use
oil. Is this the way of the
future?
Problems with oil…#2
AIR POLLUTION
When we burn fossil fuels such as oil to
produce energy, pollutants are put
into the air. This problem is seen
most obviously in huge cities when
the pollution stays close to the
ground in hot weather causing smog.
Smog pollution hanging
over Los Angeles
Smog can affect
breathing and
cause health
problems
Problems with oil…#3
CLIMATE CHANGE
Scientists believe that when
we burn fossil fuels such
as oil products, gasses
are released into the high
atmosphere. These
“greenhouse gasses”
prevent heat from
escaping from the world.
The results, say the
scientists, are global
warming and climate
change.
These scientists believe that
we must find alternate
sources of energy to
prevent climate change
from getting worse.
Problems with oil…#4
OIL DISASTERS
If crude oil is spilled in the
environment, it can cause
terrible results for animals,
and their habitats. This has
happened when oil tankers
have leaked oil because of
a shipping disaster.
The most famous example was
the Exxon Valdez oil spill in
1989. The ship leaked oil
which caused damage to
the Alaska coastline and
wildlife.
So…
The example of oil shows us:
- How much we depend on non-renewable natural resources
- How expensive, complicated, and dangerous it is to find, extract, process,
and transport resources so we can get what we need
- How natural resources can result in great wealth in some parts for the world
e.g. Alberta
- How we must prepare for the day when non-renewable natural resources
like oil run out
- How the use of some non-renewable natural resources can cause damage
to the environment
HOMEWORK – GO FURTHER WITH YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES BY READING CHAPTER 11 STARTING ON
PAGE 218.