Transcript NIERSC: Remote Sensing Studies of the Arctic Basin

Educational activities/young scientist promotion
at the Scientific Foundation “Nansen Centre”
Leonid P. Bobylev
Director
Dmitry V. Kovalevsky
Research Director
Nansen International Environmental
and Remote Sensing Centre
St. Petersburg, Russia
Fridtjof NANSEN
1861-1930
Nansen was an outstanding scientist. Thanks to his
original studies and challenging expeditions our
knowledge about Arctic has crutually increased. The
results of his works laid the foundation for currently
important research in the Arctic Ocean
He was also a great humanist organizing
repatriation for prisoners of war and refugees in
Europe. He organized help for millions of Russians
during the starvation after the revolution and war
For his contribution to the peacemaking and
humanistic deeds, in 1922 Fridtjof Nansen was
awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
For his personal benefaction and mobilization of the
world community to mitigate the sufferings of
the population of Russia in the early 20th century,
Nansen is greatly respected and forever thankfully
remembered in our country----------------------------------
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Nansen International Environmental and
Remote Sensing Centre
Founders
 Bergen University Research Foundation (UNIFOB), Norway
 Max-Planck Society,
Munich, Germany
 Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen, Norway
 Northern Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Science,
Petrozavodsk, Karelia, Russia
 Scientific Research Center for Ecological Safety,
Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
 St. Petersburg State University, Russia
 Altarum, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (until 1 January 2005)
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NIERSC Vision and Strategy
Vision
To understand, monitor and predict climate and environmental changes in
the high northern latitudes for serving the society
Mission
To develop Nansen International Centre to be a significant national and
international contributor to the studying climate and environmental changes in
the high northern latitudes
NIERSC focuses on the five major related research areas:
1
Climate Variability and Change in High Northern Latitudes
2
Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction
3
Aquatic Ecosystems in Response to Global Change
4
Socioeconomic Impact of Climate Change
5
Applied Meteorological and Oceanographic Research for Industrial Activities
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Education and Training
In 1994 NIERSC founders established Nansen Fellowship
Program for Russian PhD-Students and young scientists
Main goal:
To provide conditions for Russian PhD-students and young scientists for successful development of
their own research on the challenging topics in the area of environmental sciences, climate and remote
sensing
Implementation mechanisms:
Providing PhD-students and young scientists with conditions at the Nansen Centre sufficient for
successful work (working places, powerful computers, fast INTERNET connection etc)
Providing PhD-students with additional stipend and supervision from NIERSC and its founders staff
Promoting and organizing training and research visit programs at Western research institutions
Involvement into international research projects
Results:
20 successfully defended PhD dissertations
110 additional grants for St. Petersburg
University PhD-students
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Nansen Fellowship Program
Nansen
Centre
Agreements
RSHU
SPbSU
AARI
Supervisor
Supervisor
Ph.D. Student
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1 Climate Variability and Change in High Northern Latitudes
Research Leader: Dr. Leonid Bobylev
Personnel:
• 7 scientists, 1DrSc,6 PhDs
• 5 PhD-students
Publications:
• 4 books
• 13 refereed papers
Defended Thesis: 9
Recent Ice Sheet Growth in the Interior of Greenland.
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Ola M. Johannessen, Kirill S. Khvorostovsky, Martin W.
Miles, Leonid P. Bobylev. Science, 2005
Cm/year
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Monitoring Arctic sea ice using satellite
passive microwaves
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
15%
water
land
TOTAL ICE COVER = MULTI-YEAR ICE
+ FIRST-YEAR ICE
Arctic climate change: observed and modeled temperature and sea-ice variability.
O. M. Johannessen, L. Bengtsson, M. Miles, S. Kuzmina , V. Semenov, G. Alekseev, A. Nagurny,
V. Zakharov, L. Bobylev, L. Pettersson, K. Hasselmann and H.Cattle. Tellus, 2004
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2 Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction
Research Leader: Prof. Vladimir Kudryavtsev
Personnel:
Group goal is to improve our knowledge on:
• Physics of coupled turbulent atmosphere
and ocean boundary layers
• Electromagnetic wave scattering form the sea surface
focusing on advance methods of SAR monitoring
of marine environment from space
• 3 scientists, 1 DrSc
• 2 PhD-students
Publications:
• 16 refereed papers
Wind Field and
Fluxes
Weather
Forecast
Storm Surge
Gas Transfer
……
St. Petersburg
Parameterization
Hurricane
Evolution
Atmospheric
BL
Defended theses: 3
Radar
Scattering
Surface Currents
Wind Waves
Marine
BL
Biogenic films
Oil spills
Surface Waves,
Break Waves
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Radar Imaging Model
The model simulates SAR signatures of various ocean phenomena: surface currents,
fronts, surface contaminations (oil spills), waves, wind field, etc
SAR Global observation of surface currents and RIM simulations
Example of RIM simulation of SAR signatures of sea currents near the
coast of France: a) Surface Current; b) Wind; c) and d) Surface
roughness; e) Model SAR; f) Observation
Oil spills:
Observation and
RIM simulation
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Hurricane:
SAR Observations
and modelling
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3 Aquatic Ecosystems in Response to Global Change
Research Leader: Prof. Dmitry Pozdnyakov
Personnel:
•3 scientists, 1 DrSc, 1 PhD
•2 PhD-students
Publications:
• 3 books
• 9 refereed papers
Defended theses: 6
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Operational Water Quality Retrieval Algorithm
Ladoga Lake
Artificial Neural Networks
+
Multivariate optimization
Phytoplankton
pigments
Suspended
minerals
Dissolved
organics
Advantages:
Coastal and inland waters
Geographic area unspecific
Satellite sensor unspecific
Fast and universal algorithm
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Identification and surveillance of harmful
algal bloom dynamics
Spatial distribution of E. huxleyi in the Bay of Biscay in May 2005 obtained from MERIS data
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4 Socioeconomic Impact of Climate Change
Research Leader: Dr. Dmitry Kovalevsky
Personnel:
•1 scientist, PhD
Group established on
18 November 2008
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Emissions
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Production
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BAU
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normalized production
Emissions [Gt C]
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BAU
Multi-Actor Dynamic Integrated
Assessment Model (MADIAM):
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time [y]
w
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time [y]
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flow chart and simulation results
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5 Applied Meteorological and Oceanographic Research
for Industrial Activities
Research Leader: Dr. Vladimir Volkov
Personnel:
• 4 scientists, 1 DrSc, 2 PhDs
• 3 PhD-students
Publications:
• 4 books
• 12 refereed papers
Defended theses: 1
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Sea ice monitoring along the Northern Sea
Route using satellite SAR
N/I Sovetsky Soyuz
Field Campaignes
L’’Astrolabe (1991)
N/I “ Sovetsky Soyuz” (late 1993)
N/I “Vaygach” (February-March 1994)
N/I “Taymyr” (September-October 1994)
Radars/SAR
C/S ” Kandalaksha” (August 1995)
ERS-1 and ERS-2
ICEWATCH Project (January-February 1996)
RADARSAT
Ice Routes Project (September 1997 and April 1998)
ENVISAT
St. Petersburg
ARCDEV Project (April 1998)
ICEMON Project (June 2003)
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Supporting ice navigation
© ESA
© Canadian Space Agency
Mosaic of RADARSAT ScanSAR images
for 23-25 April 1998 with overlaid route of
I/B Sovetsky Soyuz
St. Petersburg
Mosaic of ENVISAT ASAR images for 27-28
February 2005. Planning fleet operations
between the Barents Sea and Dikson
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The Lomonosov-Nansen Master Program
in Climate Research
Mikhail Lomonosov
(1711-1765)
Fridtjof Nansen
(1861-1930)
Participants: University of Bergen, NERSC, St. Petersburg University, NIERSC
Objective: In conformity with the Bologna process to establish and formalize
a joint high quality educational Master program in climate research
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Thank you for your attention!
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