Transcript Romantic Era - Mallaig High School Music Dept

1810-1900
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To become familiar with music from the
Romantic era
To successfully identify concepts of
music from the Romantic era
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Austrian
Wrote 600 lieder,
symphonies, operas,
chamber and solo piano
music
Had 13 other brothers
and sisters
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Polish
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Piano virtuoso and composer
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Towards the end of his life,
he visited Scotland!
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Hungarian
Piano virtuoso, composer
and teacher
Father-in-law of Richard
Wagner
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German
Composer, conductor,
theatre director, essayist
His second wife held onto
his body for 24 hours
after he died
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French
Composer, organist,
conductor and pianist
First celebrated
composer to write
music for a film
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Russian
Wrote symphonies,
opera, ballet,
instrumental, chamber
and songs
Studied law
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Finnish
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Nationalist composer
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In each edition of the
computer programme
Sibelius, it’s HIS
MUSIC that you hear
when it opens up!
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All voice types
Suite (Higher)
Concerto (General)
Symphony (General)
Programme music (General)
Dissonance/discord (Credit)
Chromatic (General)
Strophic (Credit)
Through composed (Credit)
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A huge exploration of emotional
expression
Composers used feelings, emotions,
books, paintings and poetry to get ideas
Composers, poets, writers and painters
were concerned with imagination,
fantasy and drama
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Intensity was created by the use of
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Chromaticism
Discords
Modulation
New concepts (Higher)
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Lied/lieder
Song cycle
Leitmotiv
Symphonic/tone
poem
Nationalist
Late Romantic
Sprechgesang
Lied/Lieder (Higher)
Means song
 Refers to works for solo voice and
piano in the Romantic era
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Both these instruments had the same
importance
Text is in German
 Can be strophic, or through
composed
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Identify the following:
Strophic
Leider
Through composed
Voice:
What do you notice about the piano part?
Song Cycle (Higher)
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Group of songs linked by a common
theme or within a text written by the
same author.
Tends to be lieder and therefore in
German text
Tends to be accompanied by piano, but
can sometimes be accompanied by
ensembles or an orchestra
Identify the following:
Strophic
Song Cycle
Through composed
Voice:
Arpeggio
Repetition
Canon
Alberti Bass
Crescendo
Word painting
Leitmotiv (Higher)
Pronounced
LIGHT-mow-teef
Leitmotiv (Higher)
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A theme occurring through the work
which represents a person, event or
idea
Linked to the story with a person,
object or idea.
Leitmotiv is still used frequently today
in TV programmes, film music, video
games, music and advertising
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For example: Jaws theme, Star Wars
Imperial March, Another Brick in The
Wall
•This excerpt comes from film music by
Richard Wagner.
•You are required to insert further
information in the highlighted areas 1 to 5.
•The music will be played three times with a
pause of 20 seconds between playings.
•The voice is not included in the third playing
•Look at the question
•WHAT is it asking?
•HOW should you answer it?
•In the space provided, write the
concepts that you think may come up in
the question
The ornament
played by the
strings is a/an
___________
The brass
enters with
a/an
The scale is a
_________
__________
Describe the
tonality
___________
The strings
create a/an
__________
1
Describe the
texture
2
3
__________
4
5
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The orchestra became colossal
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Brass became more important
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Woodwind doubled in size
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Percussion also became more varied and
larger
Piccolo
Contrabassoon
Bass
Clarinet
Cor
anglais
Trombone
Tuba
Wagner Tuba
Cornet
Cymbals
Side
Drum
Gong
Castanets
Xylophone
Celesta
Chimes
Harp
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These changes meant that it was more
possible to change
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The tone
The timbre
Pitch
Volume
The Piano
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There were huge developments in piano
music
This was due to the instrument
changing
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Number of notes increased
Changes meant that the instrument had a
much rounder sound
Volume range increased
The Piano
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Romantic composers
began to explore the
full potential of the
keyboard
Huge progression
made in
performance
technique
Identify the following:
Tempo:
Left hand:
Time signature:
Piano Music
Programme music (General)
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This is music that paints a picture or
tells a story through sound
You are asked to compare two excerpts of music.
In the column on the left (concepts) of the
answer pages musical concepts are listed.
As you listen, tick the musical concepts used by
the composer under the headings given in.
One mark per tick. The marks are at the bottom
of the columns.
You will hear each example three times
CONCEPTS
EXCERPT 1
EXCERPT 2
Excerpt 1
Excerpt 2
3
3
COMMON TO BOTH
EXCERPTS
MELODIC and HARMONIC
Legato
Melismatic word
Glissando
Tremelando
Syllabic word
RHYTHMIC
Diminution
Accents
Cross rhythm
STRUCTURAL
Leitmotiv
Homophony
Programme music
Ritornello
STYLES/FORMS
Sprechgesang
Basso continuo
Romantic
Sonata
MARKS
4
Symphonic/ Tone Poem (Higher)
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Specific type of programme music
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One movement for orchestra
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Can be quite long
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Some contain leitmotiv
Insert the appropriate concepts in the
text on the following slides.
They are normally relatively simple!
In each sentence
important words
the most
Identify the following:
Dynamic marking:
Solo instrument:
Technique:
Solo instrument:
Symphonic Poem
Identify the following:
Strings playing:
Tonality:
Tempo:
Identify the following:
Cadence:
Ornament:
Percussion instrument:
Nationalist (Higher)
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Reaction against German dominance in
music influence
Describes composers strong feelings
about his/her country
A lot of programme music was written
in the Nationalist style
Nationalist (Higher)
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Identifies composer’s
nationality through
folk tunes and folk
dance rhythms, etc.
Identify the following:
Tonality
Feature played by the trumpets:
Nationalist
Late Romanticism (Higher)
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Describes music of the late 19th/ early
20th centuries which keeps the
intensity of earlier 19th century music
This style often required a massive
amount of performers and towards the
end was considered to be excessive
Symphony of A Thousand
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Written by Mahler
An orchestra of 130
Extra brass seated apart
8 solo voices
2 large mixed choirs
Choir of 400 children
Identify the following:
Orchestration
Specific role? Why?
Late Romantic
Sprechgesang
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German for “speech song”
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This is a style of singing that is halfway
between speech and song
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Singers hit the note approximately rather
than with precision
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Since the early 1990’s in Germany,
sprechgesang has had a new pop culture
meaning of “German-language rap music”
Identify the following:
Antiphonal choir
Major
Double stopping
Discords
Sprechgesang
Xylophone
Countermelody
Pizzicato
Anacrusis