Transcript Slide 1

IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF
GLOBAL DATA SETS
Climate
Change
Dr Wolfgang Grabs
Chief, Hydrological Forecasting and Water Management
Climate and Water Department
[email protected]
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF
GLOBAL DATA SETS
• Matching user requirements with available
observations,
• Demand driven Improvement of current
observations (temporal, spatial, accuracy, new
observation platforms…)
• Improve on data sharing agreements and protocols
• Improve access to data: Need for metadata
catalogs and inter-operable data management
• Improve (tele)communication modes
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF
GLOBAL DATA SETS
• Maintaining stream of observations into global databases
• Improve quality control of observations and uptake in
global datasets
• Feedback and gratification for data providers (!!!)
• Interactive linkage of global data sets
• From data to information: Building data products
• Aggregate data sets to interactive, multiple-layer multiple
variable products (i.e. hydrology, precipitation,
groundwater, soil moisture, climate..)
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF
GLOBAL DATA SETS
Making improved use of observations for
modeling (example):
Framework for Aquatic Modeling of the Earth System (FrAMES) –
Vörösmarty et al, 2008
Highly modular platform for model development allowing a high degree
of configuration capabilities and ease of various input data. Next
generation FrAMES will provide an XML based model definition for
the implementation of various model processes. Inputs are managed by
plug-in infrastructure to allow the implementation of different data
streams through direct file access to different file formats or access
into web-based data services.
Global Data Sets - Platforms
Examples for Data Portals
FLASH FLOOD THREAT 3-HOUR UPDATE
Challenges to the production of
Global Data Sets (examples)
Declining ability of the National Hydrological Services
(NHSs) and related water agencies to provide
information on the status and trend of water resources
• Inadequate / deteriorating systems for collecting
and managing water-resources related information
• Little or no-quality assurance & control standards
applied to instruments, data reduction methods and
procedures
• Insufficient basic capabilities to access, interpret,
and apply water cycle information available from
satellite systems
« Rationalization » of networks: Stations with long-term
records are abandoned because it is felt that no
incremental hydrological information can be obtained for
i.e. engineering/design purposes.
This neglects the potentially changing hydrological
regime as a result of climate change.
Long-term hydrological records are indispensible to
assess impacts of climate change and to derive
adaptive measures.
Declining Hydrological Networks:
USGS example
Source: http://water.usgs.gov/nsip/history.html
From 1980 to 2004, 2,051 stream gauges with 30 or more
years of streamflow record were discontinued. At the end of
2005, 7360 stations were active
Decline of hydrological stations in Kirgizstan
(Aral Sea Basin) 1985-2005
Динамика сокращения наблюдений
гидрологической сети Кыргызгидромета
160
147 146 145
137135
140
Гидропосты
Number of hydrological
stations declined by 48% in the
period 1985-2005
127 128
120 123 118
120
97 96
100
85 85
75 75 75 76 76 76
80
76 76
60
40
20
0
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
Годы
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Global Data Sets
Approaches to Facilitating Access and
Uptake
Cataloging datasets
Locate
Evaluate
Extract
• Index of Datasets
• Product Catalog
– Printed
– On-line
• Clearinghouse
– Searching
– Browsing
Client
Metadata
Spatial
Data Set
• Data Warehouse
?
– Management
?
?
Private Company
?
Local Agency
Non-Profit Agency
State Agency
?
?
Federal Agency
Academic
Call
oftoformats
transfers,
for access
standard
of descriptions
Callfor
forstandard
easily identify,
evaluate,
hydrologic
data
GRDC
-services
exchange
of and
hydrologic
data
and
information
on global scale
Various
data
users from allbetween
over the world
require
special datasets.
GRDC
- facilitator
the
producers
and
users of hydrologic data
WMO Information System - WIS brings new
features and opportunities
• Common information exchange standards, functions and
services for all WMO programmes
• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of
information in real-time and non-real time
• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata
based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard)
• Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software
systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and compatibility
Structure of WIS
Functional centres interconnected by data communication
networks:
• National Centres (NC)
– Links national data providers and users to regional and global data
exchange nodes, and administrates access to WIS
• Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC)
– Provides for regional and international exchange of WMO
programmes’ data and products
– Supports data and information push and pull
• Global Information System Centres (GISC)
– Provides for global exchange of data and products
– Collects and provides metadata for all data and products
– Supports data and information discovery and pull
WIS
World Radiation Centre
International Organizations
(IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )
Regional Instrument
Centres
IRI, Hadley Centre, and
other climate research
centres; Universities;
Regional Climate Centres
(CIIFEN, etc.)
GAW World Data Centres
GCOS Data Centres
Global Run-off Data Centre
DCPC
NC
NC
Global Precip. Climatology
Centre
NC/
DCPC
NC/
DCPC
Commercial
Service Providers
NC
NC
GISC
NC
GISC
GISC
International
Projects
(e.g. GMES
HALO)
NC
DCPC
NC
DCPC
GISC
GISC
Satellite
Two-Way Systems
NC
WMO World
Data Centres
Satellite
Dissemination
(IGDDS, RETIM,
etc)
NC
NC
Real-time “push”
On-demand “pull”
WIS contribution to GEO
WMO
Weather
Domain
Climate
Domain
Water
Domain
WIS
Internet
GEONetCast
GTS
IGDDS
GEO
Health
Energy
Ecosystems
Disasters
Weather
Climate
Water
Agriculture
Biodiversity
Thank You