Transcript brws.silesia

Regional Office of Silesia in Brussels
European Regulations
(coal, CO2 emissions)
Jerzy Buzek, Member of the European Parliament
Member of the Industry, Research and Energy Committee
Member of the Climate Change Committee
Rapporteur of the 7FP for R&D in the EU
Rapporteur of the European Strategic Energy Technology
Plan (SET-Plan)
10.06.2008, Brussels
IPCC 4th Assessment Report (2007)
Continued GHG emissions at or above current
rates would cause further warming and induce
many changes in the global climate system during
the 21st century that would very likely be larger
than those observed during the 20th century.
Predicted Future Global Warming
•Global Temperature
•Global CO2 Emissions
•Source: IPCC 2007
WEO 2007 Reference Scenario:
World’s Top Five CO2 Emitters
2005
2015
2030
Gt
rank
Gt
rank
Gt
rank
US
5.8
1
6.4
2
6.9
2
China
5.1
2
8.6
1
11.4
1
Russia
1.5
3
1.8
4
2.0
4
Japan
1.2
4
1.3
5
1.2
5
India
1.1
5
1.8
3
3.3
3
• China overtook the US to become the largest emitter in 2007, while
India becomes the third-largest by 2015
The Kyoto Protocol

The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement made under the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992

It concerns reducing Greenhouse gases that cause climate change

It was agreed on 11 December 1997 at the 3rd Conference of the
Parties to the treaty when they met in Kyoto

It entered into force on 16 February 2005

The Kyoto Protocol now covers more than 170 countries globally

Countries that ratify this protocol commit to reducing their
emissions of carbon dioxide and five other greenhouse gases
(GHG), or engaging in emissions trading if they maintain or
increase emissions of these gases
The United Nations Climate Change
Conference:
- Poznań, December 2008 (COP14)
- Copenhagen, December 2009 (COP15)
Deadline for the
negotiations of the Post –
Kyoto Protocol
Primary resources:
Renewables,
Fossil Fuels,
(coal, oil, gas)
Nuclear
Energy demands: doubling in 30 – 40 years
The goals for the EU:
security of supply
environmental protection (climate change)
competitive costs (Lisbon Agenda)
UE- Leader in mitigating global
warming
Presidency Conclusions, Council March 2007
Targets for 2020
20% reduction of
GHG emissions
20% energy savings
20% share of
renewable energy
Climate and Energy Package
•
PROPOSAL published 23 January 2008
•
Main components
•
•
•
•
•
Directive – Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)
Decision – Effort Sharing (non ETS)
Directive – Carbon Capture & Storage
Directive – Renewable Energy Sources
Guidelines on State Aid for Env Protection
Climate and Energy Package
CONSEQUENCES:
•
Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET – Plan)
•
Negotiations in the Council and European Parliament
− 2008-2009
− EC intension: have it adopted before EP elections and
new European Commission
Way of introduction:


Carbon emissions costs
New low – carbon technologies
Emission Trading System (ETS)


Successes of the EU ETS
 Demonstrates EU “leadership” of climate change
 Puts a price on carbon
 Stimulated the development of JI/CDM and the
resulting transfer of technology to
developing/emerging countries
Problems with the EU ETS
 Another cost of “doing business in Europe”
 “Indirect impacts”, especially on energy intensive
industries
How important is the long-term carbon price
(e.g. in 2020) for new investments in your
industry?
Decisive factor
Influencing calculation, but not
decisive
No importance
0%
20 %
40 %
60 %
385 respondents – all from companies buying/selling/holding EUAs or CERs
FP 7 – Proposed Priority Topics in Energy
Hydrogen and fuel cells
Energy savings and energy
efficiency
Renewable electricity generation
CO2 capture and storage
technologies for zero emission
power generation
Renewable fuel production
Clean coal technologies
Renewables for heating and
cooling
Smart energy networks
Knowledge for energy policy making
The Strategic Energy Technology
Plan

Strengthening European energy research
capacities through

European Industrial Initiatives

European Energy Research Alliance

Reinforced international cooperation
The SET-Plan: an effective
implementation needed
European Industrial Initiatives (EIIs):
1.
European Wind Initiative
2.
Solar Europe Initiative
3.
Bio-energy Europe Initiative
4.
European CO2 capture, transport and storage initiative
5.
European electricity grid initiative
6.
Sustainable nuclear fission initiative
7.
EP proposition to include: 12 CCS demonstration projects,
the so-called EU-Flagship Programme
Technology Map for the SET-Plan
Carbon Capture and Storage
Flagship Programme of the EU
Capture
85-90%
Transport
Storage
COAL IS THERE !
Integrated hydrogen genaration from fossil fuels,
biomass and wind
SUMMARY
The Energy and Climate Package
Binding Targets:
20% renewables, 20% GHG reduction, 20% energy savings, biofuels
Benefits:
Large scale innovation in the energy sector
Energy security: reduction of oil and gas import of €50 billion per
year (at $61 per barrel of oil)
Costs:
Direct cost: increased energy and non CO2 mitigation cost to meet
both targets domestically: 0.6% of GDP in 2020, or some €90 billion
Way of introduction:
Emission costs + new technologies
Regional Office of Silesia in Brussels
European Regulations
(coal, CO2 emissions)
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION !!!
Jerzy Buzek, Member of the European Parliament
Rapporteur of the 7FP for R&D in the EU
Rapporteur of the European Strategic Energy Technology
Plan (SET-Plan)
10.06.2008, Brussels