Transcript MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL

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INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
Economic growth vs Green Growth vs Sustainable Development
Weakening UN and strengthening new formations G20, BRIC, G5,
New emerging Global power bases (Brazil, India and China)
What future global role will China play and what is its role in Africa?
Political changes – How new Obama Administration will react and
how will growing conservatism in Europe impact on Global agenda
A G77 fraught with divisions and the potential to fracture
Climate Change vs environment/ water vs poverty eradication
Energy Security vs Energy Access & shifts in Energy sources.
Growing demand for financial resources and major shifts towards
market mechanisms as opposed to public funds
Impacts of Global Economic Recession on future deals
Role of Africa in the Global Arena and the role of South Africa in the
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continent
SA PRIORITES FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
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Continued prioritization of the African continent (Consolidating African
Agenda; institutional capacity, implementation of NEPAD; economic
integration)
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Strengthen South-South Relations (Increased cooperation with key
developing countries)
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Pursue a developmental and investment-oriented approach to
engagement with the industrialized world
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Reforming global institutions of governance (global system of
governance; equity in governance systems; new financial architecture)
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Strengthen economic diplomacy (China)
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Mobilization of financial and technical resources (New ways of
cooperation with donors post 2010;
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1. SHARED RIVER WATERCOURSES
Agreements and Commissions
Over the years a number of “Joint Water
Commissions” and “Joint Technical Committees”
have been established to discuss and negotiate
issues of common interest, to manage the water
resources or implement joint development projects
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Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP)
SA/Lesotho
• Signed in 1986
• Commission (LHWC) is responsible for the overall management
of LHWP
• Two agencies were established to implement the project,
namely:
(i) The Lesotho Highlands Development Authority (LHDA)
– to plan, design, construct, operate and maintain the components of
the project in Lesotho
(ii) The Trans Caledon Tunnel Authority (TCTA)
– to plan, design, construct, operate and maintain the components in
SA
– to take responsible for all financial arrangements related to the
project
• LHWC Phase 2 on Feasibility study agreement signed in 2005
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2. SADC Engagements
• SA chairs SADC since August 2008
• SA participates in the SADC Water Sector
through DWA
• Minister- DWEA chairs SADC Ministers of
Water
• Chairmanship ends August 2009
• To be handed over to the DRC.
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3a. AFRICA - Bilaterals
Co-ordinate and ensure participation in the President’s
projects in Africa by giving support to post conflict reconstruction
in Africa
• Collaborations within Africa are with:
– Immediate neighbouring countries
– SADC
– Prioritized Post Conflict Reconstruction &Development
countries
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3b AFRICA - Multilaterals
African Ministers Council On Water
(AMCOW)
• Continent’s Ministerial body dealing with water related
issues;
• 53 African Ministers
- To provide political leadership, policy direction and
advocacy in the provision, use and management of water
resources for sustainable social and economic
development and maintenance of African ecosystems and
strengthen intergovernmental cooperation to address the
water and sanitation issues in Africa
• SA assumes Presidency of AMCOW for the period of 2
years in November 2009
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AMCOW
• SA to host 2nd Africa Water Week (AWW-2) on 6-13
November 2009
• The council takes stock of the status of achievement of the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Africa
• This council also shares experiences and strengthens
networks to enhance Public Private Partnerships (PPPs),
South-South co-operation and relations with development
partners
• AMCOW is a technical body of AU facilitating
implementation of water imperatives as contained in
NEPAD
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MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS
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Biodiversity – 4 Components namely:
– Biodiversity use & conservation : CBD (Bio-safety, ABS, IKS, L&R,
Protected areas, biome conservation, science base); TFCA’s
– Species: CITES (Ivory trade, abalone); CMS (Turtles, sharks,
migratory birds
– Ecosystems: Ramsar (Listed wetlands, compliance); UNCCD
(Desertification in Africa)
– Heritage: World Heritage Convention (Listed sites, compliance)
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MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS
Sustainable Development and Environmental MEAs
Sustainable development – Commission on Sustainable Development
Trade & Environment – WTO (Technical Trade Barriers, Environmental
goods & services; fisheries subsidies; intellectual property);
Chemicals & waste
• Basel (E-waste, dumping & recycling trade, ban amendment, SA
hosts regional centre);
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Rotterdam (Chemicals trade, Prior Informed Consent);
• Stockholm (POP’s phase out & regulation, 9 new chemicals);
• Montreal (key phase out of ozone chemicals, climate change);
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• Mercury
(Research
issues
&
approach
&
negotiate
new
MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS
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Climate Change
– Formal negotiation on new international regime beyond 2012 – 6 bodies
(Conference of the Parties COP, Conference of the Members of the
Protocol CMP, Subsidiary Bodies, Ad Hoc Working Group on the Kyoto
Protocol, Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action)
– Technical & scientific forum – Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate
Change IPCC & Working Groups
– Parallel Processes – Heads of State (G8, Major Economies Forum, UNSecretary-General, AU, IBSA); Ministerial (HoS prep processes,
Greenland Dialogue, Pre-COP); Negotiator (HoS & Ministerial Prep
processes)
– SA host COP 17 in 2011
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MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS
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Marine – 3 Components namely:
– Environmental, conservation & resource management – includes
Conventions & Protocols on Marine Pollution, Dumping at Sea (High seas
pollution regulation, Climate change and Carbon Capture and Storage);
Antarctic, Regional Large Marine Ecosystems LMEs (Land based pollution,
ecosystem approach), whaling (Transform instrument); CITES (abalone)
– Resource use – Regional Fisheries Organizations
– Marine Governance – United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea;
Seabed Authority (Continental shelf); FAO COFI (Fishing code of conduct);
International Maritime Organisation (Climate change bunker fuels)
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MULTILATERAL RELATIONS
KEY ISSUES IRO FINANCE
• Main institutions: GEF, World Bank, UNDP, UNEP
• Active participant in the GEF Council and member of the GEF
replenishment committee – Influence policies and programmes of
the GEF; Donor to the GEF Trust Fund ( R 38 million)
• Member of the Board of the Climate Change Adaptation Fund
• Key player on issues related to International Environmental
Governance, UNEP GC/GMEF and GEF – UN and GEF Reform
• World Bank Climate Investment Funds (Member of Trust Fund
Committee of Clean Technology Fund - US$ 5 billion)
• Demand
on
DEAT
Environment Fund, etc)
resources
(GEF
Trust
Fund,
UNEP
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AFRICA AND SADC
OVERVIEW
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AMCEN, SADC Environment and Tourism Forums, SADC Summit
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Regional Programmes – Environment programme of NEPAD, SADC
Regional Strategic Integrated Development Programme, Africa Climat
Change Programme
IMPACTS AND CHALLENGES
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Chair and President of AMCEN (2008 – 2010)
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Hosted the 12th Session of AMCEN
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Leading the process in strengthening AMCEN and SADC
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Demand on DEAT resources
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(Trust funds US$ 200000, hosting of meetings R 5 million, etc)
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