Transcript Physical Activity Injuries

Physical Activity Injuries
Weather Related Risks
 Hot Weather
 Cold Weather
Hot Weather Health Risks
Overexertion – Overworking the body
 Heat Exhaustion – overheating of the body
 results in cold, clammy skin and symptoms of shock
 Caused by overexertion in a hot, humid atmosphere
 Heat Cramps – muscle spasms that result from a loss of
large amounts of salt and water through perspiration
 Heatstroke – a condition in which the body loses the
ability to rid itself of excess heat through perspiration
 Hyperthermia – a sudden increase in body temperature
Concerns:
 Dehydration – excess loss of fluids from the body
 Smog or air pollution
Cold Weather Health Risks
Frostbite – body tissue becomes frozen
 Most often occurs in ears, fingers and toes
 Frostnip – whitening of the skin of the toes, fingers and
ears
 Early warning sign of frostbite
Hypothermia – condition in which the body temperature
becomes dangerously low
 Body systems shut down as body loses the ability to
warm itself
 Disorientation and confusion occur
Dressing for Cold Weather
 Wear a hat
 70% of the body’s heat is lost through the head
 Layers
Pull moisture and perspiration away from your body
(Dri–Fit, ClimaCool or Under Armour)
2. Middle layer should provide insulation (Wool fabrics)
3. Last layer should keep wind and water out (Coated
nylon)
1.
Wind and Sun
Windburn – skin is exposed to freezing wind, causing skin to
become red, tight and sore to the touch
Sunburn – burning of the outer layers of the skin
 Mild sunburn makes the skin red and sore
 Severe causes blistering, swelling and pain
 Can lead to Skin Cancer
Protect yourself:
 10am to 4pm are the most dangerous times to be in the sun
 Wear protective clothing
 Use sunscreen and lip balm with an SPF of atleast 15
 Apply sunscreen 30 minutes before and every 2 hours
Minor Injuries
Muscle cramp – a spasm or sudden tightening of a
muscle
 Results from tired, overworked or dehydrated muscles
 Treatment:
 Drink cool water
 Massage the sore muscle
Strain – a condition resulting from damaging a muscle or
a tendon
Sprain – an injury to the ligament surrounding a joint
 Symptoms include pain swelling and difficulty moving
R.I.C.E.
Rest – avoid using the effected muscle or joint
Ice – ice helps reduce pain and swelling
 20 minutes on then 20 minutes off
 Repeat this for 72 hours every three hours
Compression – light pressure can reduce swelling
 Wrap effected area with an elastic bandage
Elevation – raising the effected area above the heart can
reduce pain and swelling
Major Injuries
 Fractures – any break in a bone
 Requires immobilization to heal properly
 Dislocation – a bone is forced from its normal position
at a joint
 Usually causes a “popping” sound
 A doctor must put it back in place
 Tendonitis - tendons are stretched or torn from overuse
 Tendons – bands of fiber that connect muscles to bones
 Concussions – results from a blow to the head and
causes swelling of the brain
 Seek a medical professional if you experience dizziness or
memory loss
Book Work
Chapter 4, Lesson 5:
 Review the chapter and vocabulary
 Complete lesson review 1 – 5 on page 103