Transcript File - CW
Body Systems 11 Body Systems Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Digestive Endocrine CNS Respiratory Circulatory Urinary Immune Reproductive This week’s Focus Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Integumentary System Your skin is the primary organ of your integumentary system. It also includes your hair, nails, sebaceous glands and sweat glands. It is essential for homeostasis. Homeostasis Is the property of a system that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition An advantage of homeostatic regulation is that it allows an organism to function effectively in a broad range of environmental conditions. 3 main layers Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Fat Layer) Cross Section - ggggfsdgf Functions of the skin Provides a protective covering for your internal organs. Protects against invasion of infectious organisms Regulates body temperature Enables you to sense the world around you. Helps store water and fat. Problems of the Skin Ringworm - Fungi Athletes foot - Fungi Warts - virus Moles – mutation in cell growth Callus - irritation Blisters – irritation Ringworm Ringworm is a fungus, not a worm. The kinds of fungi that cause ringworm live and spread on the top layer of the skin and on the hair. They grow best in warm, moist areas, such as locker rooms and swimming pools, and in skin folds. Ringworm is contagious. It spreads when you have skinto-skin contact with a person or animal that has it. It can also spread when you share things like towels, clothing, or sports gear. Ringworm Athletes Foot Athlete's foot (also known as ringworm of the foot and is a of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas. It is transmitted in moist areas where people walk barefoot, such as showers or bathhouses.. Athlete's foot can be prevented by good hygiene, and is treated by a number of pharmaceutical and other treatments. Warts A wart is a harmless skin growth caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). There are more than 100 known types of HPV. HPV infects the top layer of skin, usually entering the body in an area of broken skin. The virus causes the top layer of skin to grow rapidly, forming a wart. Most warts go away on their own within a couple weeks or months. Warts are easily spread by direct contact with a human papillomavirus. You can infect yourself again by touching the wart and then another part of your body. You can infect another person by sharing towels, razors, or other personal items Moles Moles occur when cells in the skin grow in a cluster instead of being spread throughout the skin. These cells are called melanocytes, and they make the pigment that gives skin its natural color. Moles may darken after exposure to the sun, during the teen years, and during pregnancy. Most moles are not dangerous. The only moles that are of medical concern are those that look different than other existing moles or those that first appear after age 20. If you notice changes in a mole's color, height, size or shape, you should have a dermatologist evaluate it. Moles Skin Cancer What is skin cancer? Different kinds? Squamos Cell-outer cells Basal Cell-deeper cells melanoma What are the risk factors? What are symptoms? Can skin cancer be prevented? Healthy Skin Good personal hygiene and a balanced diet will help promote healthy skin. Daily washing helps eliminate stinky bacteria. How do I work with other body Systems? Immune? Digestive? Circulatory? Nervous? Popular Teen Trends Henna Tattoo A popular alternative to permanent tattoos is temporary tattooing with henna-based ink painted on the skin. But as this picture shows, even these tattoos can cause allergic reactions. WARNING: Stay away from "black henna" or "blue henna" tattoos. The blackening may come from coal tar, which often causes severe allergic reactions. Tattoo Removal Lasers break down tattoo pigments, raising the possibility of allergic reactions. In the heart tattoo shown here, each of several different laser treatments caused the same blistering reaction. Fortunately, the blisters got better with routine skin care. Tattoo & Piercing Danger Risks: Infection Whatever type of tattoo or piercing you get, there are risks involved. The most serious risks are lifethreatening infections, such as HIV or hepatitis C, from unclean needles. Other infections, such as a staph infection called impetigo or MRSA (shown here), may develop While considering a tattoo or Piercing: Be sure the parlor is licensed. Be sure to ask the artist if they sterile their instruments, if their place looks dirty, it probably has dirty tools! Clean and disinfect tattoo or piercing after it is applied to avoid infection. Don’t apply “amateur” tattoos or piercings. Inexperience and using homemade tools/ink can only lead to disaster Skeletal System The skeletal system is made up of bones, ligaments and tendons. Bone Marrow Is soft, fatty tissue that produces and stores red blood cells, many white blood cells, and other immune system cells. It is found inside the larger bones. 5 Main Functions Provides framework and support Works with muscular system to provide movement Protects vital tissues and organs Provides storage for substances needed Produces new blood cells Long Short Flat Irregular Definitions: Tendon – Connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones. Ligament – Connective tissue that connects bones to bones. Joint - Places at which bones come close to other bones Ball and Socket Joint Shoulder, Hip Hinge Joint Elbow, Knee, Finger, Toe Problems of the Skeletal System Fractures A fracture is a complete or incomplete break in a bone resulting from the application of excessive force. Osteoporosis It occurs when bones lose an excessive amount of their protein and mineral content, particularly calcium. Over time, bone mass, and therefore bone strength, is decreased. As a result, bones become fragile and break easily. Scoliosis Side-to-side curvature of the spine Muscle and/or bone deformity. Sometimes born with it sometimes cause it with lifestyle choices. Cartilage A fibrous material that is strong but very flexible. Examples would be your ears and nose. Healthy Bones Your habits and decisions you make concerning nutrition and exercise can affect the health of your skeletal system now and later in life. Calcium is essential for bone growth. Exercise promotes blood flow through your bones. Water keeps cells hydrated and stronger! Did you know? 1 – That your foot is the same size as your forearm. 2 – That the measurement from fingertip to fingertip is the same as your height. Muscular System The muscular system is made up of tissues that work with the skeletal system to control movement of the body. Functions of the Muscular System Pumps blood throughout the body Moves food through the digestive system Controls the movement of air in and out of the lungs. Types of Muscles Skeletal muscles help the body move. Smooth muscles, which are involuntary, are located inside organs, such as the stomach and intestines. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. Its motion is involuntary Skeletal Muscle Smooth muscle Cardiac Problems of Muscular System Muscular Dystrophy Muscular Strain Bruise Tendinitis Hernia Care of the Muscular System Use it or lose it! - Atrophy Drink water Stretch and Warm-up http://educationportal.com/academy/lesson/skeletalsystem-and-muscular-system.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BM T4PtXRCVA