Transcript 313training

Conditioning Programs are Directed
Towards:
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cardiovascular
lungs
muscular
bone and tendon
thermoregulation
nervous system
– better integration for improved co-ordination in events
involving skill
– faster firing of nervous impulses
– psychological familiarity
Types of Conditioning
• cardiovascular conditioning
– respiratory
– cardiovascular
– muscular
• strength training
– increase power or endurance of muscle groups (sport
specific)
• suppling exercises
– increase range of motion
– more athletic and reduce risk of injury
Short Term Response
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use of glycogen reserves
lactate accumulation
torn muscle fibers, tissue damage
excessive loss of fluids
• repetitive cycle
– destruction and repair essential part of conditioning
– rebuilding phase strengthens tissues
• repair time - 2-3 days
– don’t need complete rest
• intense exercise affects immune system
– respiratory illnesses
Long Term Response
• cardiovascular and muscular system
– 3-5 weeks
• increase maximum oxygen consumption
– improved O2 delivery
– increased O2 utilization
• ligament and tendon conditioning
• bone conditioning
Principles
• related to the type of competition
• every animal is different
– training program has to be adjusted to the individual
horse
• need to assess when an animal is overstressed
Designing a Conditioning Program
• horse
– breed/type (temperament)
– age
– conditioning history
– present level of fitness
– previous injuries
• sport
– type of sport
– level of competition
– timing of competition during the season
• rider
– time schedule
– competitive objectives
• environment
– weather
– terrain
– facilities
Training for Optimum Performance
• early stages
– low intensity exercise of moderate duration
– improve suppleness and joint mobility
– adaptations to the saddle and weight of rider
• harder stages
– development of muscles and cardiovascular systems
• maintenance
– allows horse to maintain peak fitness
• peak
– taper work load last few days before a competition
• 5-10 days for long events
• 3-5 days for smaller stresses
– after performance
• decrease work load 20 % until midway between
peaks ( repair and restore)
– seasonal break
– monitor progress
• intensity
– HR easy measurement of intensity
– increase speed
• advance impulsion, gradients, add dead weight,
work in loose, deep surface, temperature/humidity
are high
• duration
– low intensity exercise , with increasing duration
– maintain or reduce duration, with increased intensity
– final stage, sport specific
• frequency
– varies with stage of training
– improve fitness - 3 days/week
– maintain fitness - 2 days/week
• progressive loading
– need gradual increase in workload
– maintain new workload until adapted
– increase workload again
• overloading
– too much stress - too little recovery time
– aerobic
• poor performance, increase PCV,
– strength training
• muscle strains, ligament and bone injuries
– avoid excessive repetition
• Figure 7.2 and 7.4 in text book