Transcript Movement and Joints Student

Joint
• ___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
The Joints
• Fibrous
–Fibrous joints connect
____________ without allowing
any _______________. The
bones of your __________ and
___________ are held together
by fibrous joints.
The Joints
• Cartilaginous
–Cartilaginous joints are joints in
which the bones are
____________ by cartilage. These
joints allow for only a little
_____________, such as in the
___________ or ribs.
The Joints
• Synovial
– Synovial joints allow for much more
______________ than cartilaginous joints.
____________ between bones in synovial
joints are filled with ____________
____________. This fluid helps
_____________ and _____________ the
bones. ___________ sacks contain* the
synovial fluid.
III. Types of movement
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Abduction
Adduction
Circumduction
A. Flexion
• a bending
movement around
a joint in a limb (as
the knee or elbow)
that
___
________
________
________
________
________
________
B. Extension
• an unbending movement
around a joint in a limb (as
the knee or elbow) that
C. Rotation
•
D. Abduction
• ____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
E. Adduction
• ______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Abduct –
Adduct –
F. Circumduction
• movement of a
limb or extremity
so that the
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
IV. Movement Around Axes
A.______________
B. ______________
C. ______________
D.______________
A. Nonaxial
• Bone movement that is not around an axis
plane joint:
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
Uniaxial
• The movements
(__________/__________) are all in
_____ plane and around _____ axis, the
joints are ______________.
Biaxial
• Since bones can
move in _______
planes: _______ to
_______ and
_______ and
________
movements the
joints are
_____________.
Multiaxial
• The movements are allowed in _____ axes
and planes: ___________/extension,
adduction/_____________, circumduction
and _____________. These joints are
______________.
http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/BALLSOCK.MOV
Muscles, Bones, and Movement
Putting the “Operation” in
cooperation
Seven Golden Rules of Muscle Activity
1. Muscles get ___________ as they ____________.
2. Muscles _________ at least one __________.
3. The bulk of the muscle lies ____________ to the
joint crossed.
4. ____ muscles have an _________ and _________.
5. During _____________, the ____________ moves
toward the ____________.
6. Muscles ONLY _______; they NEVER _______.
7. Muscles work in _________.
Muscles Get …..
Smaller
as they Contract.
Try it with your bicep!!!
Muscles Cross at Least One Joint
• Think ________________!!
• How can muscles effect
movement if they don’t
cross a joint?
• Where does the bulk of the
muscle lie? 
All Muscles Have an Insertion and an Origin
• Insertion = ________ moveable attachment
• Origin = ________ moveable attachment
• Insertion is usually ______________.
• Origin is usually _______________.
• Insertion moves ___________ origin during
muscle contraction.
Muscles Only Pull
So how do they effect flexion AND extension?
Abduction AND Adduction?
______________________________!!!
_____________= the muscle with MAJOR
responsibility for effecting a ______________.
_____________ = the opposing muscle
responsible for the _______________
movement.
Muscles Work in Pairs
• A muscle can be both a prime mover and an
antagonist.
• Name some prime mover-antagonist pairs.
• ___________ and ___________
• ___________ and ___________
• ___________ and ___________
• And there are more!!!
Remember From Last Class…..
Joint
• the movable or fixed place or part where two
bones of a skeleton join.
The Joints
• Fibrous
– Fibrous joints connect bones without allowing any
movement. The bones of your skull and pelvis are
held together by fibrous joints. The union of the
spinous processes and vertebrae are fibrous
joints.
The Joints
• Cartilaginous
– Cartilaginous joints are joints in which the bones
are attached by cartilage. These joints allow for
only a little movment, such as in the spine or ribs.
The Joints
• Synovial
– Synovial joints allow for much more movement
than cartilaginous joints. Cavities between bones
in synovial joints are filled with synovial fluid. This
fluid helps lubricate and protect the bones. Bursa
sacks contain* the synovial fluid.
Joints
• Synovial membrane – Composed of soft
areolar connective tissue.
• Bursa – flattened fibrous sacs found where
bones, tendons, and ligaments come together.
Function?
• Benefit of synovial fluid??
Benefits of Synovial Fluid
• Reduces Friction
• Protects the bone
Tendons and Ligaments
• Tendons – Attach ___________ to bone
• Ligaments – Attach ___________ to bone.
• Form follows function???