Transcript Wounds and Bleeding

First Aid
Wounds and Bleeding
1. A wound is a break in the soft
tissue of the body.
2. Open wounds result in External
Bleeding
3. A closed wound does not break
the skin and can result in
internal bleeding
4. How should I care for a minor wound?
a. Wash your hands and put on gloves, if
you have them.
b. Wash the wound with soap and water.
c. Place a sterile or clean cloth on the
wound and apply pressure.
d. After the bleeding has stopped, apply
antibiotic ointment to the wound.
e. Cover the wound with a clean or sterile
dressing.
5. A pressure point is a place where an artery
near the skin’s surface lies over a bone.
6. Can you tell if a person is bleeding
internally? What might some of the signs
be? Only if it is near the surface of the skin.
It might be coming from the ear, nose or
mouth or vomiting blood.
Heat and Cold Related
Emergencies
7. Hyperthermia is a condition in which the
body’s internal temperature is higher than
normal.
a. Heat Exhaustion- the body becomes
heated to a higher temp. than normal.
*symptoms: cold, moist skin, headache
*treatment: cool body down
b. Heat Stroke - the body loses its ability to
cool itself by sweating because the victim
has become dehydrated.
*symptoms: hot dry skin, headache,
nausea, extreme fatigue
*treatment: get help immediately – life
threatening
c. Frostbite -the body tissue becomes
frozen.
*symptom: change in skin color to white
or gray, feels numb
*treatment: warm affected body part, do
not rub.
d. Hypothermia - the internal body temp.
becomes dangerously low b/c the body
loses heat faster than it can generate heat.
*symptoms: stiff muscles, shivering,
weakness, dizziness, cold skin
*treatment: get shelter, remove wet
clothes, wrap person in blankets or towels
Bone, Joint & Muscle Injuries
8. A fracture is a crack or a break in a bone.
9. In a closed fracture, the skin is unbroken
10. In an open fracture, the skin in broken and
the bone may stick our from the skin.
11. A splint is a device used to stabilize a
body part.
12. An injury in which a bone has been forced
out of its normal position in a joint is a
dislocation.
13. An injury in which ligaments are stretched
or torn is a sprain.
14. An injury in which muscle or tendons are
stretched or torn is a strain.
15. Describe the RICE technique for treating a
joint, muscle or bone injury.
R – rest
I – ice
C – compression
E - elevate
Burns
16. Burns that affect the outer layer of the skin
and look pink are 1st degree.
Treatment:
apply cold water
17. Burns that extend into the inner layer and
are red, swollen and blistered are 2nd degree.
Treatment: apply sterile dressing, apply
water or ointment
18. Full thickness burns are 3rd degree.
Treatment: seek medical attention,
cover with a clean dry cloth, treat for shock.
19. Do you treat chemical burns the same way
you would treat a thermal burn?
No, for chemical burns contact the
Poison Control Center, water may activate
the chemical so check before treating.
Poisons
20. A poison is a substance that can cause
illness or death when taken into the body.
21. Poisons can be swallowed, inhaled,
absorbed through the skin by contact, or
can occur as a result of being bitten or
stung.
22. Who should you call if you suspect
someone has been poisoned?
Poison Control Center
Motor Vehicle Safety
23. The factor that contributes most often to
automobile accidents is driver behavior.
24. Other factors that should be avoided are
speeding, aggressiveness and impaired
driving.
25. Someone who practices behaviors that
help avoid car crashes is said to be a
defensive driver.
26. Some general rules for driving that apply
to all motor vehicles are:
a. don’t drive under the influence
b. avoid fatigue
c. leave room between you and car in front
d. drive the speed limit
e. monitor the road and surroundings.
f. be courteous.