Transcript Skeletal_System_ppt_711

The Skeletal System
Lesson 1:
The Skeletal System
Lesson Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, students should be able to
…
 List the various types of bones in the body.
 Identify specific bones for each bone classification.
 Discuss the functions of the bones of the human
skeleton.
Lesson Objectives
 Explain various types of joints and body movements.
 Describe the axial skeleton.
 Describe the appendicular skeleton.
Skeletal System
 206 bones, PLUS cartilage, and ligaments
 Divided into two systems
 Axial skeleton
 skull and the vertebral system
 Appendicular skeleton
 extremities
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Anterior and Posterior
Human Skeleton
Six Main Functions of Bones
 1. shape, support
2. protection for organs
 3. storage place for mineral salts,
calcium, and phosphorus
 4. formation of blood cells
5. attachment of skeletal
muscle
 6. movement possible
Name them bones
 CLICK Here
 http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/skelweb/hotpot/osteo01.htm
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Joints
 The positioning of the bones at the joint
determines the type of movement
 synarthrotic joint has no movement
 Amphiarthrotic joint allows for limited
movement
 A diarthrotic joint allows for free
movement
synarthrotic joint
Amphiarthrotic joint
diarthrotic joint
Body Movements Allowed by the
Diarthrotic Joint
 Abduction – movement away from the
midline
 Adduction – movement toward the midline
 Circumduction –moving a body part in a
circular motion
 Dorsiflexion –bending a body part
backward
 Eversion – the process of turning outward
Body Movements Allowed by the
Diarthrotic Joint
 Extension –straightening a flexed limb
 Flexion –bending (or curving) the spine
 Inversion-- turning inward
 Pronation –lying prone or face down:
or turning the hand so that the palm
points downward
 Protraction –moving a body part
forward
Body Movements Allowed by the
Diarthrotic Joint
Retraction –moving a body part
backward
Rotation –moving a body part
around a central axis
Supination –lying supine or face
upward; also the process of turning
the palm or foot upward
Fill in Cloze
Tendons and Ligaments
 Ligaments – connect bone to bone
 Tendons – Connect muscle to bones
Bones of Axial the Skeleton
 Skull
 Cranium
 Face
 Sternum
 Ribs
 Vertebrae
 Sacrum
 Coccyx
The Vertebral Column
 Divided into 5
regions:
 Cervical vertebrae
 Thoracic vertebrae
 Lumbar vertebrae
 Sacrum
 Coccyx
The Rib Cage
 ribs acts to form a
protective cage
that houses the
heart, lungs
 Consists of 12 pairs
of ribs
Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton
Upper extremities
Lower extremities
Pectoral girdle
Pelvic girdle
Bones of the Upper Extremities
 Clavicle
 Scapula
 Humerus
 Ulna
 Radius
 Carpals
 Metacarpals
 Phalanges
Bones of the Lower Extremities
 Femur
 Patella
 Tibia
 Fibula
 Tarsals
 Metatarsals
 Phalanges
Try It For Yourself!
Where are the following bones?
 frontal
 mandible
 ulna
 metatarsals
 tibia
 metacarpals
 tarsals
skull
face
lower arm/upper extremity
foot/ankle
lower leg/lower extremity
hand/wrist
foot
Try It For Yourself!
Where are the following bones?
 mandible
 sphenoid
 sacrum
face
skull
vertebral column
 radius
lower arm/upper extremity
 ilium
pelvic girdle
 femur
upper leg/lower extremity
 fibula
lower leg/lower extremity
Medical Specialists
 Chiropractor
 Orthopedic Surgeon
 Osteopath
 Podiatrist
ID basic parts of skeletal system
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